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  2. Anion gap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion_gap

    Modern analyzers use ion-selective electrodes which give a normal anion gap as <11 mEq/L. Therefore, according to the new classification system, a high anion gap is anything above 11 mEq/L. A normal anion gap is often defined as being within the prediction interval of 3–11 mEq/L, [8] with an average estimated at 6 mEq/L. [9]

  3. Base excess - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_excess

    The serum anion gap is useful for determining whether a base deficit is caused by addition of acid or loss of bicarbonate. Base deficit with elevated anion gap indicates addition of acid (e.g., ketoacidosis). Base deficit with normal anion gap indicates loss of bicarbonate (e.g., diarrhea).

  4. High anion gap metabolic acidosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_anion_gap_metabolic...

    An anion gap is usually considered to be high if it is over 12 mEq/L. High anion gap metabolic acidosis is typically caused by acid produced by the body. More rarely, it may be caused by ingesting methanol or overdosing on aspirin. [1] [2] The delta ratio is a formula that can be

  5. Metabolic acidosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_acidosis

    The normal value for the anion gap is 8–16 mmol/L (12±4). An elevated anion gap (i.e. > 16 mmol/L) indicates the presence of excess 'unmeasured' anions, such as lactic acid in anaerobic metabolism resulting from tissue hypoxia, glycolic and formic acid produced by the metabolism of toxic alcohols, ketoacids produced when acetyl-CoA undergoes ...

  6. Delta ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_Ratio

    Result 1: if there is a normal anion gap acidosis, the (AG – 12) part of the equation will be close to zero, the delta ratio will be close to zero and there is no mixed acid–base disorder. Your calculations can stop here. A normal anion gap acidosis (NAGMA) has more to do with a change in [Cl −] or [HCO − 3] concentrations.

  7. Urine anion gap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urine_anion_gap

    Urine NH 4 + is difficult to measure directly, but its excretion is usually accompanied by the anion chloride. A negative urine anion gap can be used as evidence of increased NH 4 + excretion. In a metabolic acidosis without a serum anion gap: A positive urine anion gap suggests a low urinary NH 4 + (e.g. renal tubular acidosis).

  8. Could changes be coming to Medicare, Medicaid with Dr. Oz ...

    www.aol.com/could-changes-coming-medicare...

    With President-elect Donald Trump's recent announcement of former surgeon-turned-TV host Dr. Mehmet Oz to lead the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), questions are swirling about ...

  9. Normal anion gap acidosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_anion_gap_acidosis

    High ostomy output [1] Hyperparathyroidism – can cause hyperchloremia and increase renal bicarbonate loss, which may result in a normal anion gap metabolic acidosis. Patients with hyperparathyroidism may have a lower than normal pH, slightly decreased PaCO2 due to respiratory compensation, a decreased bicarbonate level, and a normal anion gap ...