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In firearms, a blowback system is generally defined as an operating system in which energy to operate the firearm's various mechanisms, and automate the loading of another cartridge, is derived from the inertia of the spent cartridge case being pushed out the rear of the chamber by rapidly expanding gases produced by a burning propellant, typically gunpowder. [3]
Rebated-rim cartridges are known to be used on firearms using advanced primer ignition (API blowback) for its operation, notably autocannons such as the 20 mm Becker/Oerlikon series. [1] API blowback firearms have straight-sided chamber walls as possible (and sometimes slightly bottlenecked) to contain the cartridge and allow a deeper chambering.
Simple blowback action is simple and inexpensive to manufacture, but is limited in the power it can handle, so it is seen on small caliber weapons such as machine pistols and submachine guns. Lever-delayed blowback, as seen in for example the French FAMAS assault rifle, can also handle more powerful cartridges but is more complicated and ...
Rotating bolts are found in delayed blowback, gas-operated, recoil-operated, bolt action, lever-action, and pump-action weapon designs. In some forms of delayed blowback, the rotating bolt is used as the delay mechanism: the bolt head rotates as the firing pin strikes, locking the chamber until the gas pressure reaches a safe level to extract.
Blow forward (left) vs. blowback (right) operation. The Mannlicher M1894 pistol, the first blow-forward firearm.. Blow forward is a firearm action where the propellant gas pressure and the friction of the bullet traveling down the bore drag the whole gun barrel forward to facilitate the opening of the breech. [1]
The Oerlikon SSG36 anti-tank rifle demonstrated, that it was possible to build a successful straight blowback rifle up to 20 mm caliber shooting at 750 m/s (2,500 ft/s) velocity. The SSG36 used a Becker principle of bolt head following the rebated rim cartridge base deep into the chamber. After firing, the case and the bolt could safely back ...
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Delayed blowback firearms (4 C, 16 P) S. Simple blowback firearms (40 P) T. Telescoping bolt submachine guns (22 P) Pages in category "Blowback-operated firearms"