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The Acropolis at Athens (1846) by Leo von Klenze.Athena's name probably comes from the name of the city of Athens. [4] [5]Athena is associated with the city of Athens. [4] [6] The name of the city in ancient Greek is Ἀθῆναι (Athȇnai), a plural toponym, designating the place where—according to myth—she presided over the Athenai, a sisterhood devoted to her worship. [5]
Athena with cross-banded aegis. The statue was found in 1880 during Carl Humann's excavations of Pergamon in the space to the west of the north stoa of the sanctuary of Athena, near the Lady of Pergamon. [1] This area may have been the art collection (museion) of the Attalid kings.
The reconstructed Pergamon Altar in the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. Side view Carl Humann's 1881 plan of the Pergamon acropolis. The Pergamon Altar (Ancient Greek: Βωμός τῆς Περγάμου) was a monumental construction built during the reign of the Ancient Greek King Eumenes II in the first half of the 2nd century BC on one of the terraces of the acropolis of Pergamon in Asia Minor ...
Pergamon was also a flourishing center for the production of parchment, whose name is a corruption of pergamenos, meaning "from Pergamon". Despite this etymology, parchment had been used in Asia Minor long before the rise of the city; the story that it was invented by the Pergamenes, to circumvent the Ptolemies ' monopoly on papyrus production ...
A 3 m (9.8 ft) statue of the Greek goddess Athena, modeled after her statue in the Parthenon, stood in the main reading room. [7] Library of Pergamum before excavation, 1885. Manuscripts were written on parchment, rolled, and then stored on the shelves.
The Altar of Athena Polias was a former structure on the Acropolis of Athens dedicated to the goddess Athena. [ 1 ] The altar's foundations were laid in 525 B.C. by the sons of the Athenian dictator Peisistratus , but may have overlaid an earlier temple constructed between 599 and 550. [ 1 ]
Christopher Pelling asserts that the name "Parthenon" means the "temple of the virgin goddess", referring to the cult of Athena Parthenos that was associated with the temple. [19] It has also been suggested that the name of the temple alludes to the maidens ( parthénoi ), whose supreme sacrifice guaranteed the safety of the city. [ 20 ]
The Temple of Athena Nike Painting of the Temple of Athena Nike, by Carl Werner, 1877. The Temple of Athena Nike (Greek: Ναός Αθηνάς Νίκης, Naós Athinás Níkis) is a temple on the Acropolis of Athens, dedicated to the goddesses Athena and Nike. Built around 420 BC, the temple is the earliest fully Ionic temple on the Acropolis.