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IgE is typically the least abundant isotype: blood serum IgE levels in a non-atopic individual are less than 0.0001% of the total Ig concentration, [10] compared to 75% for the IgGs at 10 mg/ml. Despite this, it is capable of triggering anaphylaxis, one of the most rapid and severe immunological reactions. [11]
It is characterized by recurrent "cold" staphylococcal infections (due to impaired recruitment of neutrophils), [2] unusual eczema-like skin rashes, severe lung infections that result in pneumatoceles (balloon-like lesions that may be filled with air or pus or scar tissue) and very high (> 2000 IU/mL or 4800 mcg/L) [3] concentrations of the serum antibody IgE.
The use of anti-IgE antibodies in treatment is only effective in patients with a serum total IgE value within 30-1500 IU/mL. Omalizumab is the drug therapy used to deliver the anti-immunoglobulin E antibodies. Omalizumab is a human anti-IgE monoclonal antibody.
The RAST is a radioimmunoassay test to detect specific IgE antibodies to suspected or known allergens for the purpose of guiding a diagnosis about allergy. [10] [11] IgE is the antibody associated with Type I allergic response: for example, if a person exhibits a high level of IgE directed against pollen, the test may indicate the person is allergic to pollen (or pollen-like) proteins.
The IgG, IgE and IgA antibody isotypes are generated following class-switching during germinal centre reaction and provide different effector functions in response to specific antigens. IgG is the most abundant antibody class in the serum and it is divided into 4 subclasses based on differences in the structure of the constant region genes and ...
In this article, all values (except the ones listed below) denote blood plasma concentration, which is approximately 60–100% larger than the actual blood concentration if the amount inside red blood cells (RBCs) is negligible.
Serum blood tests are an important marker of disease severity and are also useful for the primary diagnosis of ABPA. When serum IgE is normal (and patients are not being treated by glucocorticoid medications), ABPA is excluded as the cause of symptoms. A raised IgE increases suspicion, though there is no universally accepted cut-off value.
Hypergammaglobulinemia is a condition that is characterized by the increased levels of a certain immunoglobulin in the blood serum. [1] The name of the disorder refers to an excess of proteins after serum protein electrophoresis (found in the gammaglobulin region). [citation needed]
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