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Section across southern England showing the inverted nature of the Weald Basin. The Weald Basin (/ ˈ w iː l d /) is a major topographic feature of the area that is now southern England and northern France from the Triassic to the Late Cretaceous. Its uplift in the Late Cretaceous marked the formation of the Wealden Anticline.
Kent straddles the northern limb of a regional scale upfold of strata known as the Weald-Artois Anticline which extends westwards as far as Hampshire and east across the English Channel into northern France. The fold arises from the continuing Alpine orogeny and results in the general northward dip of the rock strata in most of Kent.
Weald is specifically a West Saxon form; wold is the Anglian form of the word. [1] The Middle English form of the word is wēld, and the modern spelling is a reintroduction of the Old English form attributed to its use by William Lambarde in his A Perambulation of Kent of 1576. [2]
The Wadhurst Clay Formation is a geological unit which forms part of the Wealden Group and the middle part of the now unofficial Hastings Beds.These geological units make up the core of the geology of the High Weald in the English counties of West Sussex, East Sussex and Kent.
The Weald–Artois Anticline, or Wealden Anticline, is a large anticline, a geological structure running between the regions of the Weald in southern England and Artois in northern France. The fold formed during the Alpine orogeny, from the late Oligocene to middle Miocene as an uplifted form of the Weald basin through inversion of the basin.
The Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation is a geological unit which forms part of the Wealden Group and the uppermost and youngest part of the unofficial Hastings Beds.These geological units make up the core of the geology of the Weald in the English counties of West Sussex, East Sussex and Kent.
The Ashdown Formation is a geological unit, which forms part of the Wealden Group and the lowermost and oldest part of the now unofficial Hastings Beds.These geological units make up the core of the Weald in the English counties of East Sussex and Kent.
The major geographical features of the county are determined by a series of ridges running from west to east across the county. These ridges are the remains of the Wealden dome, a denuded anticline across Kent, Surrey and Sussex, which was the result of uplifting caused by the Alpine movements between 10-20 million years ago.