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[46] [47] Authoritarian rule entails a balancing act whereby the ruler has to maintain the support of other elites (frequently through the distribution of state and societal resources) and the support of the public (through distribution of the same resources): the authoritarian rule is at risk if the balancing act is lopsided, as it risks a ...
Economist William Easterly, using the term "benevolent autocrat", identifies two versions of the concept; one that argues that autocrats in general are simply superior to democratic leaders at producing rapid economic growth, and one that argues that the highest-quality autocrats are better at producing growth than the very best democratic leaders.
According to Yale professor Juan José Linz there are three main types of political systems today: democracies, totalitarian regimes and, sitting between these two, authoritarian regimes with hybrid regimes. [2] [3] Another modern classification system includes monarchies as a standalone entity or as a hybrid system of the main three. [4]
Accepting that Chávez was a socialist is vital for understanding the underlying cause of the Venezuelan tragedy because it is an ideology that tends to lead to authoritarianism, as F.A. Hayek ...
Pakistani general Pervez Musharraf, called himself "chief executive" after 1999 coup. Jean-Bédel Bokassa would proclaim the Central African Empire in 1976, and in a lavish coronation ceremony the following year, awarded himself the full title of " Emperor of Central Africa by the will of the Central African people, united within the national ...
For Parenti, there were clear differences between fascist and socialist regimes as the latter "made dramatic gains in literacy, industrial wages, health care and women's rights" and in general "created a life for the mass of people that was far better than the wretched existence they had endured under feudal lords, military bosses, foreign ...
Throughout its history and up to the present day, the United States has had close ties with authoritarian governments. [1] [2] During the Cold War, the U.S. backed anti-communist governments that were authoritarian, and were often unable or unwilling to promote modernization. [3]
British journalist Gideon Rachman described Vladimir Putin as "the archetype and the model" for modern political strongmen. [1]In politics, a strongman is a type of authoritarian political leader — civilian or military — who exerts control through military enforcement and has, or has claimed to have, strong popular support.