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Placenta previa: Diagram showing a placenta previa (Grade IV) Specialty: Obstetrics: Symptoms: Bright red vaginal bleeding without pain [1] Complications: Mother: Bleeding after delivery [2] Baby: Fetal growth restriction [1] Usual onset: Second half of pregnancy [1] Risk factors: Older age, smoking, prior cesarean section, labor induction, or ...
Besides placenta previa and placental abruption, uterine rupture can occur, which is a very serious condition leading to internal or external bleeding. Bleeding from the fetus is rare, but may occur with two conditions called vasa previa and velamentous umbilical cord insertion where the fetal blood vessels lie near the placental insertion site unprotected by Wharton's jelly of the cord. [11]
Along with placenta previa and uterine rupture it is one of the most common causes of vaginal bleeding in the later part of pregnancy. [6] Placental abruption is the reason for about 15% of infant deaths around the time of birth. [2] The condition was described at least as early as 1664. [7]
Placental abruption defined as the separation of the placenta from the uterus prior to delivery, is a major cause of third trimester vaginal bleeding and complicates about 1% of pregnancies. [13] [50] Symptomatic presentations are variable: Some women can entirely ignore the symptoms, while others have mild bleeding or abdominal discomfort and ...
In addition to preeclampsia, complications can include miscarriage, gestational diabetes, and postpartum hemorrhage. Older women are also more likely to deliver via C-section rather than vaginally ...
666 Postpartum hemorrhage. 666.04 Hemorrhage, 3rd stage, postpartum; 666.14 Hemorrhage, other immediate postpartum; 667 Retained placenta or membranes, without hemorrhage; 668 Complication (medicine) of the administration of anesthetic or other sedation in labor (childbirth) and delivery
These factors are known to be the primary pathophysiology cause placental disease. Which is considered to be associated with more than half of premature births. [4] Abnormalities present within the spiral arteries lead to higher velocities in blood, in turn causes the maternal villi to shred. [5]
During the third trimester of pregnancy, thinning of the lower uterine segment or contractions caused by cervical dilation can increase the amount of stress placed on the placental attachment to the uterine wall. In patients with placenta praevia, these stresses can cause detachment of the placenta from the uterine wall causing haemorrhaging.