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Ammonium thiosulfate (ammonium thiosulphate in British English) is an inorganic compound with the formula [NH 4] 2 S 2 O 3. It is white crystalline solid with ammonia odor, readily soluble in water , slightly soluble in acetone and insoluble in ethanol and diethyl ether .
Sodium thiosulfate and ammonium thiosulfate have been proposed as alternative lixiviants to cyanide for extraction of gold from ores [8] and printed circuit boards. [9] The complex [Au(S 2 O 3) 2] 3-is assumed to be the principal product in such extractions. Presently cyanide salts are used on a large scale for that purpose with obvious risks. [8]
Gold cyanidation (also known as the cyanide process or the MacArthur–Forrest process) is a hydrometallurgical technique for extracting gold from low-grade ore through conversion to a water-soluble coordination complex. It is the most commonly used leaching process for gold extraction. [1]
Bioleaching is the extraction or liberation of metals from their ores through the use of living organisms.Bioleaching is one of several applications within biohydrometallurgy and several methods are used to treat ores or concentrates containing copper, zinc, lead, arsenic, antimony, nickel, molybdenum, gold, silver, and cobalt.
In-situ leach is widely used to extract deposits of water-soluble salts such as potash (sylvite and carnallite), rock salt (halite), sodium chloride, and sodium sulfate.It has been used in the US state of Colorado to extract nahcolite (sodium bicarbonate). [1]
In a mouse study, researchers found that zolpidem (Ambien), a common sleep aid, could prevent the brain from effectively clearing up 'waste', though it remains unclear whether this could affect ...
In 2011 leaching, both heap leaching and in-situ leaching, produced 3.4 million metric tons of copper, 22 percent of world production. [8] The largest copper heap leach operations are in Chile, Peru, and the southwestern United States. Although heap leaching is a low cost-process, it normally has recovery rates of 60-70%.
In 2022, Bashundhara invested $546 million into creating Bangladesh's first gold refinery on 470 acres of land near the Dhaka-Purbachal highway [12] In 2022, Bashundhara Multi-Steel Industries invested $395 million for phase-1 of a steel manufacturing plant at Bashundhara Industrial Economic Zone at Bangabandhu Shilpa Nagar in Chattogram.