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Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is a rare paediatric disease presenting with a bowing deformity of the tibia at birth or within the first decade of life. [1] It is most commonly associated with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1). [ 2 ]
A varus deformity is an excessive inward angulation (medial angulation, that is, towards the body's midline) of the distal segment of a bone or joint. The opposite of varus is called valgus . The terms varus and valgus always refer to the direction that the distal segment of the joint points.
Pathomechanic abnormalities involve shifting of the foot bones, which leads to a paradoxic flat foot, with a varus deformity instead of a valgus. [1] Multiple ligaments and the posterior tibial tendon attach to the navicular. These perform a significant function in acting as a dynamic stabilizer and maintaining bipedal biomechanics. [11]
Genu varum (also called bow-leggedness, bandiness, bandy-leg, and tibia vara) is a varus deformity marked by (outward) bowing at the knee, which means that the lower leg is angled inward in relation to the thigh's axis, giving the limb overall the appearance of an archer's bow.
Besides the X-ray appearance. Bone deformities in rickets have a reasonable likelihood to correct over time, while this is not the case with Blount's disease. [citation needed] Nevertheless, both disorders may need surgical intervention in the form of bone osteotomy or more commonly guided growth surgery. [5]
734 Flat foot; 735 Acquired deformities of toe. 735.0 Hallux valgus; 735.2 Hallux rigidus; 735.4 Hammer toe, other; 736 Other acquired deformities of limbs. 736.1 Mallet finger; 736.2 Other acquired deformities of finger; 736.7 Other acquired deformities of ankle and foot; 736.8 Acquired deformities of other parts of limbs 736.81 Unequal leg ...
Congenital limb deformities are congenital musculoskeletal disorders which primarily affect the upper and lower limbs. An example is polydactyly , where a foot or hand has more than 5 digits. Clubfoot , one of the most common congenital deformities of the lower limbs, occurs approximately 1 in 1000 births.
Similar to anterior drawer test, the knee should be flexed 90 degrees and the tibia is pushed backwards. If the tibia can be pushed posteriorly, then the posterior drawer test is positive. In tibial sag test, both knees are flexed at 90 degrees with the person in supine position and bilateral feet touching the bed.