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  2. Endochondral ossification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endochondral_ossification

    A schematic for long bone endochondral ossification. In developing bones, ossification commences within the primary ossification center located in the center of the diaphysis (bone shaft), [5] where the following changes occur: The perichondrium surrounding the cartilage model transforms into the periosteum. During this transformation, special ...

  3. Ossification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossification

    Diagram showing stages of endochondral ossification. Endochondral ossification is the formation of long bones and other bones. This requires a hyaline cartilage precursor. There are two centers of ossification for endochondral ossification. The primary center. In long bones, bone tissue first appears in the diaphysis (middle of shaft).

  4. Development of joints - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development_of_joints

    The process of endochondral ossification, which converts the cartilage models into bone, begins by the twelfth week of embryonic development. At birth, ossification of much of the bone has occurred, but the hyaline cartilage of the epiphyseal plate will remain throughout childhood and adolescence to allow for bone lengthening.

  5. Osteochondroprogenitor cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteochondroprogenitor_cell

    TGF-β determines and regulates cell lineages during endochondral ossification through Sox9 and Runx2 signalling pathways. TGF-β will act as a stimulator of chondrogenesis, and an inhibitor of osteoblastic differentiation, by blocking the Runx2 factor through Smad3 activation. Sox9 stimulates differentiation into chondrocytes.

  6. Ossification center - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossification_center

    An ossification center is a point where ossification of the hyaline cartilage begins. The first step in ossification is that the chondrocytes at this point become hypertrophic and arrange themselves in rows. [1] The matrix in which they are imbedded increases in quantity, so that the cells become further separated from each other.

  7. Deltoid tuberosity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deltoid_tuberosity

    The deltoid tuberosity develops through endochondral ossification in a two-phase process. [4] The initiating signal is tendon-dependent, whilst the growth phase is muscle-dependent. [ 4 ]

  8. Appendicular skeleton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appendicular_skeleton

    The appendicular skeleton forms during development from cartilage, by the process of endochondral ossification. The appendicular skeleton is divided into six major regions: Shoulder girdle (4 bones) - Left and right clavicle (2) and scapula (2). Arms and forearms (6 bones) - Left and right humerus (2) (arm), ulna (2) and radius (2) (forearm).

  9. Osteoblast - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoblast

    Endochondral ossification is the process of forming bone from cartilage and this is the usual method. This form of bone development is the more complex form: it follows the formation of a first skeleton of cartilage made by chondrocytes, which is then removed and replaced by bone, made by osteoblasts. Intramembranous ossification is the direct ...