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Transverse or short oblique fractures with no comminution or a small butterfly fragment of less than 25% of width of the bone II Comminuted with a butterfly fragment of 50% or less of the width of the bone III Comminuted with a large butterfly fragment of greater than 50% of the width of bone IV Segmental comminution
The Müller AO Classification of fractures is a system for classifying bone fractures initially published in 1987 [1] by the AO Foundation as a method of categorizing injuries according to therognosis of the patient's anatomical and functional outcome. "AO" is an initialism for the German "Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen", the ...
Femoral shaft fractures occur in a bimodal distribution, whereby they are most commonly seen in males age 15-24 (due to high energy trauma) and females aged 75 or older (pathologic fractures due to osteoporosis, low-energy falls). [20] [14] In Germany, femoral fractures are the most common type of fracture seen and treated in hospitals. [9] [21]
The Vancouver classification is a grading system used in orthopaedics to determine management of post-operative periprosthetic femoral fractures following a hip arthroplasty. It is named for the city Vancouver, home to the University of British Columbia where the authors of the 1995 paper worked.
Pauwel's angle is the angle between the line of a fracture of the neck of the femur and the horizontal as seen on an anterio-posterior radiograph. [1] Pauwel's angle is named after the German orthopedist Friedrich Pauwels. [2] Introduced in 1935, this system was the first biomechanical classification for femoral neck fractures, and is still in ...
A later study of 50 subtrochanteric fractures, which were assessed using the Seinsheimer classification, criticized the classification system for having poor inter-rater reliability. They noted that "Earlier studies of pertrochanteric [sic] and femoral neck fractures show that the use of classification systems is often difficult, with low ...
[citation needed] It is the most commonly used implant for extracapsular fractures of the hip, [1] which are common in older osteoporotic patients. There are 3 components of a dynamic hip screw, including a lag screw (inserted into the neck of the femur), a sideplate and several cortical screws (fixated into the proximal femoral shaft).
Coxa vara is a deformity of the hip, whereby the angle between the head and the shaft of the femur is reduced to less than 120 degrees. This results in the leg being shortened and the development of a limp. It may be congenital and is commonly caused by injury, such as a fracture.