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Uric acid is a waste product naturally made by the body when it breaks down compounds called purines. When there’s too much uric acid in the body, it can form sharp, needle-like crystals in and ...
Methotrexate also indirectly inhibits purine synthesis by blocking the metabolism of folic acid (it is an inhibitor of the dihydrofolate reductase). Allopurinol is a drug that inhibits the enzyme xanthine oxidoreductase and, thus, lowers the level of uric acid in the body. This may be useful in the treatment of gout, which is a disease caused ...
Uric acid is a product of the metabolic breakdown of purine nucleotides, and it is a normal component of urine. [1] High blood concentrations of uric acid can lead to gout and are associated with other medical conditions, including diabetes and the formation of ammonium acid urate kidney stones .
Unless high blood levels of uric acid are determined in a clinical laboratory, hyperuricemia may not cause noticeable symptoms in most people. [5] Development of gout – which is a painful, short-term disorder – is the most common consequence of hyperuricemia, which causes deposition of uric acid crystals usually in joints of the extremities, but may also induce formation of kidney stones ...
Gout (/ ɡ aʊ t / GOWT [7]) is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by recurrent attacks of pain in a red, tender, hot, and swollen joint, [2] [8] caused by the deposition of needle-like crystals of uric acid known as monosodium urate crystals. [9]
Notable indirect causes include uricosuric drugs, rapid breakdown of bodily tissues containing large quantities of DNA and RNA, and a diet high in purine. Medications that may contribute to the cure or amelioration of hyperuricosuria include allopurinol which acts by inhibiting xanthine oxidase and reducing uric acid production. [2]
The starting material for the reaction sequence was uric acid (8), which had been isolated from kidney stones by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1776. [12] Uric acid was reacted with PCl 5 to give 2,6,8-trichloropurine, which was converted with HI and PH 4 I to give 2,6-diiodopurine. The product was reduced to purine using zinc dust.
Of these, the purines (adenine and guanine) are converted to uric acid via the purine degradation pathway and excreted in the urine. However, at the high concentrations of uric acid generated by tumor lysis, uric acid is apt to precipitate as monosodium urate crystals.
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