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Use in pregnancy appears safe but has not been well studied and use when breastfeeding is of unclear safety. [5] It is classified as a second-generation antihistamine and works by blocking histamine H 1-receptors. [6] [3] Levocetirizine was approved for medical use in the United States in 2007, [3] and is available as a generic medication. [4]
[4] [5] Use is not recommended during pregnancy. [2] Xylometazoline is in the decongestant and alpha-adrenergic agonist families of medication. [5] [6] One study classified it with selectivity ratios in alpha 2 adrenergic receptors of 151 for a2A vs a2B, 4.5 a2A vs a2C, and 33.9 a2B vs a2C. Making it a highly selective a2A agonist. [7]
Decongestants are often used in conjunction with cold medications or to combat pregnancy rhinitis in pregnant women. Common decongestants include pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine . [ 14 ] Pseudoephedrine is an alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist that enacts a vasoconstrictive effect to reduce airflow resistance in the nasal cavity and allow ...
Pseudoephedrine is contraindicated in patients with diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, severe or uncontrolled hypertension, severe coronary artery disease, prostatic hypertrophy, hyperthyroidism, closed-angle glaucoma, or by pregnant women. [56] The safety and effectiveness of nasal decongestant use in children is unclear. [57]
For children, a stuffy nose can be more severe because kids’ nasal passages are much smaller than adults, said Dr. Buddy Creech, a pediatric infectious disease expert at the Vanderbilt ...
Loratadine, sold under the brand name Claritin among others, is a medication used to treat allergies. [5] This includes allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and hives. [5] It is also available in drug combinations such as loratadine/pseudoephedrine, in which it is combined with pseudoephedrine, a nasal decongestant. [5]
For children suffering from allergies, Reigart says saline nose drops or first generation antihistamines such as Benadryl can be beneficial for congestion. But oftentimes, you can skip the meds.
On Nov. 7, the Food and Drug administration announced a proposal to remove oral phenylephrine — a decongestant found in products by brands including Sudafed PE, Vicks DayQuil and Theraflu ...