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The World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) is an international soil classification system for naming soils and creating legends for soil maps. The currently valid version is the fourth edition 2022. [ 1 ]
A Technosol in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources [1] is a Reference Soil Group that combines soils whose properties and pedogenesis are dominated by their technical origin. [2]
A Retisol is a Reference Soil Group of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). [1] Retisols are characterized by clay migration and an additional specific feature: The clay-poorer and lighter coloured eluvial horizon intercalates netlike into the clay-richer more intensely coloured illuvial horizon.
Distribution of Durisols. A Durisol is a Reference Soil Group under the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) [1] referring to free-draining soils in arid and semi-arid environments that contain grains cemented together by secondary silica (SiO 2) in the upper metre of soil, occurring either as concretions (durinodes – duric horizon) or as a continuously cemented layer (duripan ...
A Cambisol in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) [1] is a soil in the beginning of soil formation. The horizon differentiation is weak. This is evident from weak, mostly brownish discolouration and/or structure formation in the soil profile. Distribution of Cambisols
An Alisol is a Reference Soil Group of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). [1] Alisols have an argic horizon, which has a high cation exchange capacity. In the subsoil, the base saturation is low. There exist mixed forms, for example 'Stagnic Alisol', that are mainly Alisol, but also contain components that are found in Stagnosols.
An anthrosol (or anthropogenic soil) in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) [1] is a type of soil that has been formed or heavily modified due to long-term human activity, such as from irrigation, addition of organic waste or wet-field cultivation used to create paddy fields.
Lixisols are a Reference Soil Group of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). [1] They are soils with subsurface accumulation of low activity clays and high base saturation. They develop under intensive tropical weathering conditions and subhumid to semi-arid climate. [2] Soil profile of a Lixisol