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Diagram of a structure featuring plastic hinges. In the structural engineering beam theory, plastic hinge is the deformation of a section of a beam where plastic bending occurs. [1] In earthquake engineering plastic hinge is also a type of energy damping device allowing plastic rotation [deformation] of an otherwise rigid column connection. [2]
In reinforced concrete structures, the damage state variable quantifies the crack density in the plastic hinge zone; [1] in unreinforced concrete components and steel beams, it is a dimensionless measure of the crack surface; [2] in tubular steel elements, the damage variable measures the degree of local buckling [3] The LDM evolution laws can ...
Plastic Bending Stress Distribution. Plastic bending [1] is a nonlinear behavior particular to members made of ductile materials that frequently achieve much greater ultimate bending strength than indicated by a linear elastic bending analysis. In both the plastic and elastic bending analyses of a straight beam, it is assumed that the strain ...
In structural engineering, the plastic moment (M p) is a property of a structural section. It is defined as the moment at which the entire cross section has reached its yield stress . This is theoretically the maximum bending moment that the section can resist – when this point is reached a plastic hinge is formed and any load beyond this ...
Concrete hinges are hinges produced out of concrete, with little or no steel in the hinge neck, which allows a rotation without a significant bending moment. [1] The high rotations [2] [3] result from controlled tensile cracks as well as creep. [4] [3] [1] Concrete hinges are mostly used in bridge engineering [1] as monolithic, simple, economic ...
Figure 1: (a) This simple supported beam is shown with a unit load placed a distance x from the left end. Its influence lines for four different functions: (b) the reaction at the left support (denoted A), (c) the reaction at the right support (denoted C), (d) one for shear at a point B along the beam, and (e) one for moment also at point B. Figure 2: The change in Bending Moment in a ...
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A fixed arch bridge, that is one without hinges, exerts a bending moment at the abutments and stresses caused by change of temperature or shrinkage of concrete have to be taken up by the arch. A two-hinged arch has a hinge at the base of each arch (the springing point), while a three-hinged arch has a third hinge at the crown of the arch. [3]