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Computer-assisted language learning (CALL), known as computer-aided instruction (CAI) in British English and computer-aided language instruction (CALI) in American English, [1] Levy (1997: p. 1) briefly defines it as "the exploration and study of computer applications in language teaching and learning."
ICALL developed from the field of Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) in the late 1970s [1] and early 1980s. [5] ICALL is a smaller field, and not yet fully formed. Following the pattern of most language learning technologies, English is a prominent language featured in ICALL technology. [7]
Content-based instruction (CBI) is a significant approach in language education (Brinton, Snow, & Wesche, 1989), designed to provide second-language learners instruction in content and language (hence it is also called content-based language teaching; CBLT).
Recasts can be used by adults to improve children's native language skills. A frequently used technique is for the adult to imitate the child's speech. In this form of recast, the adult repeats the child's incorrect phrases in correct form. This enables the child to learn the correct pronunciation, grammar and sentence structure. [1]
Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) is a pedagogical approach wherein learning takes place via social interaction using a computer or through the Internet. This kind of learning is characterized by the sharing and construction of knowledge among participants using technology as their primary means of communication or as a common resource. [1]
Programmed Inquiry, Learning, or Teaching (PILOT) is a simple high-level programming language developed in the 1960s. [1] Like its younger sibling LOGO, it was developed as an early foray into the technology of computer-assisted instruction. PILOT is an imperative language similar in structure to BASIC and FORTRAN in its
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Task-based language teaching (TBLT), also known as task-based instruction (TBI), focuses on the use of authentic language to complete meaningful tasks in the target language. Such tasks can include visiting a doctor, conducting an interview, or calling customer service for help.