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Atmospheric instability is a condition where the Earth's atmosphere is considered to be unstable and as a result local weather is highly variable through distance and time. [ clarification needed ] [ 1 ] Atmospheric instability encourages vertical motion, which is directly correlated to different types of weather systems and their severity.
The combination of moisture and temperature determine the stability of the air and the resulting weather. Cool, dry air is very stable and resists vertical movement, which leads to good and generally clear weather. The greatest instability occurs when the air is moist and warm, as it is in the tropical regions in the summer.
The general field of study is called structural stability. Atmospheric instability is a major component of all weather ... Hydrostatic instability or static ...
Potential temperature is a useful measure of the static stability of the unsaturated atmosphere. Under normal, stably stratified conditions, the potential temperature increases with height, [ 3 ] ∂ θ ∂ z > 0 {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial \theta }{\partial z}}>0}
In atmospheric dynamics, oceanography, asteroseismology and geophysics, the Brunt–Väisälä frequency, or buoyancy frequency, is a measure of the stability of a fluid to vertical displacements such as those caused by convection. More precisely it is the frequency at which a vertically displaced parcel will oscillate within a statically ...
In situations where there is a state of static stability (where there is a continuous density gradient), the Rayleigh-Taylor instability is often insignificant compared to the magnitude of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability. Numerically, the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability is simulated in a temporal or a spatial approach.
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The model also assumes a constant static stability parameter and that fluctuations in the density of the air are small (obeys the Boussinesq approximation). Structurally, the model is bounded by two flat layers or “rigid lids”: one layer representing the Earth's surface and the other the tropopause at fixed height H. To simplify numerical ...