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The longitudinal stability of an aircraft, also called pitch stability, [2] refers to the aircraft's stability in its plane of symmetry [2] about the lateral axis (the axis along the wingspan). [1] It is an important aspect of the handling qualities of the aircraft, and one of the main factors determining the ease with which the pilot is able ...
Stability is the ability of the aircraft to counteract disturbances to its flight path. According to David P. Davies, there are six types of aircraft stability: speed stability, stick free static longitudinal stability, static lateral stability, directional stability, oscillatory stability, and spiral stability. [5]: 164
The period is usually on the order of 3–15 seconds, but it can vary from a few seconds for light aircraft to a minute or more for airliners. Damping is increased by large directional stability and small dihedral and decreased by small directional stability and large dihedral.
Stability derivatives, and also control derivatives, are measures of how particular forces and moments on an aircraft change as other parameters related to stability change (parameters such as airspeed, altitude, angle of attack, etc.). For a defined "trim" flight condition, changes and oscillations occur in these parameters.
The pitching moment coefficient is important in the study of the longitudinal static stability of aircraft and missiles. The pitching moment coefficient C m {\displaystyle C_{m}} is defined as follows [ 1 ] : Section 5.4
Static margin — a concept used to characterize the static stability and controllability of aircraft and missiles. Longitudinal stability — the stability of an aircraft in the longitudinal, or pitching, plane during static (established) conditions. In meteorology: Atmospheric instability § Stable atmosphere; Buoyancy. Static stability (also ...
A canard foreplane may be used as a horizontal stabilizer, whether stability is achieved statically [26] [27] [28] or artificially (fly-by-wire). [29] Being placed ahead of the centre of gravity, a canard foreplane acts directly to reduce longitudinal static stability (stability in pitch).
For longitudinal static stability: < > For directional static stability: > < Where: = + = For a force acting away from the aerodynamic center, which is away from the reference point: