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Endometrial polyps are usually benign although some may be precancerous or cancerous. [3] About 0.5% of endometrial polyps contain adenocarcinoma cells. [14] Polyps can increase the risk of miscarriage in women undergoing IVF treatment. [3] If they develop near the fallopian tubes, they may lead to difficulty in becoming pregnant. [3]
There are a number of indications for obtaining an endometrial biopsy from a non-pregnant woman: [citation needed]. Women with chronic anovulation such as the polycystic ovary syndrome are at increased risk for endometrial problems and an endometrial biopsy may be useful to assess their lining specifically to rule out endometrial hyperplasia or cancer.
Typical procedures include endometrial ablation, submucosal fibroid resection, and endometrial polypectomy. Hysteroscopy has also been used to apply the Nd:YAG laser treatment to the inside of the uterus. [7] Methods of tissue removal now include electrocautery bipolar loop resection, and morcellation. [8]
The polyps are routinely removed at the time of colonoscopy, either with a wire loop known as a polypectomy snare (first description by P. Deyhle, Germany, 1970), [12] or with biopsy forceps. If an adenomatous polyp is found, it must be removed, since such a polyp is pre-cancerous and has a propensity to become cancerous.
Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) is a premalignant lesion of the uterine lining that predisposes to endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma. It is composed of a collection of abnormal endometrial cells, arising from the glands that line the uterus , which have a tendency over time to progress to the most common form of uterine cancer ...
PALM - Structural causes of uterine bleeding. Polyps: Endometrial polyps are benign growths that are typically detected during gynecologic ultrasonography and confirmed using saline infusion sonography or hysteroscopy, often in combination with an endometrial biopsy providing histopathologic confirmation.
Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition of excessive proliferation of the cells of the endometrium, or inner lining of the uterus. Most cases of endometrial hyperplasia result from high levels of estrogens , combined with insufficient levels of the progesterone-like hormones which ordinarily counteract estrogen's proliferative effects on this ...
The initial treatment for endometrial cancer is surgery; 90% of women with endometrial cancer are treated with some form of surgery. [23] Surgical treatment typically consists of hysterectomy including a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy , which is the removal of the uterus, and both ovaries and Fallopian tubes.