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Arsenic trioxide is an inorganic compound with the formula As 2 O 3. [5] As an industrial chemical, its major uses include the manufacture of wood preservatives, pesticides, and glass. [6] It is sold under the brand name Trisenox among others [2] [3] when used as a medication to treat a type of cancer known as acute promyelocytic leukemia. [7]
Arsenic trioxide (As 2 O 3) is currently being evaluated for treatment of relapsed/refractory disease. Remission with arsenic trioxide has been reported. [23] Studies have shown arsenic reorganizes nuclear bodies and degrades the mutant PML-RAR fusion protein. [23] Arsenic also increases caspase activity which then induces apoptosis. [23]
Arsenic trioxide is intended for the induction of remission and consolidation in adult patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia who have the t(15;17) translocation and/or the PML/RARα gene. The drug should be used after treatment failure or relapse. Prior therapy should include retinoid and chemotherapy. [70]
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) used to be a dreaded disease, the most vicious of all acute leukaemias. Standard risk APL can now be cured in virtually all patients by a combination of a hormone, retinoic acid, and arsenic trioxide. The latter can even be substituted by tetra-arsenic tetra-sulphide, allowing oral therapy.
The syndrome is characterized by dyspnea, fever, weight gain, hypotension, and pulmonary infiltrates. This is effectively treated by giving dexamethasone and withholding ATRA (or arsenic trioxide) in severe cases. An elevated white count is sometimes associated with this syndrome, but is not always pathognomonic.
Arsenic in its trioxide, As 2 O 3, (brand name Trisenox, ATO) is used as a chemotherapy drug against acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), a type of myeloid leukemia. [11] The detailed mechanism of action is unknown, but it is suspected to speed up apoptosis of cancer cells.
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Zhang Tingdong (Chinese: 张亭栋; pinyin: Zhāng Tíngdòng; born on November 8, 1932) is a Chinese medical scientist, pharmaceutical chemist, and educator at Harbin Medical University, 1st affiliated Hospital, and is best known for discovering of using arsenic trioxide to treat leukemia, which is regarded as a significant breakthrough of anti-leukemia medicine in the 20th Century and ...