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Super hygroscopic polymer films composed of biomass and hygroscopic salts are able to condense moisture from atmospheric humidity. [16] By implementing rapid sorption-desorption kinetics and operating 14–24 cycles per day, this technique produced an equivalent water yield of 5.8–13.3 L kg −1 of sustainable raw materials, demonstrating the ...
Consistency and viscosity affect the adhesion and retention property of the gel, and are important in ensuring the gel is retained at the site of application and effective delivery of the drug. [ 3 ] The ingredients in topical gel formulation can be broadly categorized into four types: gelator, solvent, drug, and excipients.
[2] [3] This is the opposite use of a hygroscopic material where it is used as a desiccant used to draw moisture away. In pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, humectants can be used in topical dosage forms to increase the solubility of a chemical compound's active ingredients , increasing the active ingredients' ability to penetrate skin, or its ...
Deliquescent dryers are used for removing water vapor from compressed air, natural gas, and waste gases such as landfill gas and digester gas. The performance of a deliquescent dryer, as measured by outlet dew point, is highly dependent on the temperature of the air or gas being processed, with cooler temperatures resulting in better performance
The anhydrous salt is hygroscopic and the hexahydrate is deliquescent. [citation needed] The dihydrate, CoCl 2 (H 2 O) 2, is a coordination polymer. Each Co center is coordinated to four doubly bridging chloride ligands. The octahedron is completed by a pair of mutually trans aquo ligands. [9]
The polymeric species formed by the hydrolysis of ferric chlorides are key to the use of ferric chloride for water treatment. In contrast to the complicated behavior of its aqueous solutions, solutions of iron(III) chloride in diethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran are well-behaved. Both ethers form 1:2 adducts of the general formula FeCl 3 (ether ...
Under more "comfortable" conditions, it does not so it isn't considered deliquescent. So it is like relative hardness in minerals. One might consider two hygroscopic salts in a sealed chamber; the more hygroscopic one would dessicate the other. A comprehensive article would rank "deliquescent" substances by their critical humidity.--
Superabsorbent polymer: Polymer that can absorb and retain extremely large amounts of a liquid relative to its own mass. [5] Notes: The liquid absorbed can be water or an organic liquid. The swelling ratio of a superabsorbent polymer can reach the order of 1000:1. Superabsorbent polymers for water are frequently polyelectrolytes.