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ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55: Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy is an American National Standard published by ASHRAE that establishes the ranges of indoor environmental conditions to achieve acceptable thermal comfort for occupants of buildings. It was first published in 1966, and since 2004 has been updated every three to six years.
ASHRAE Standard 55 sets limits on the allowable temperature differences between various surfaces. Because people are more sensitive to some asymmetries than others, for example that of a warm ceiling versus that of hot and cold vertical surfaces, the limits depend on which surfaces are involved.
According to ASHRAE-55 standard, only if individuals are freely making adjustments in clothing to suit their thermal preferences, it is acceptable to use a single representative average value for everyone. [1] Some basic insulation values can be considered as examples of typical conditions [13] naked body: 0; summer clothing: 0.6 clo; ski ...
The norm ISO 7730 and the ASHRAE 55 standard give the predicted percentage of dissatisfied occupants (PPD) as a function of the radiant temperature asymmetry and specify the acceptable limits. In general, people are more sensitive to asymmetric radiation caused by a warm ceiling than that caused by hot and cold vertical surfaces.
However, the warming over the past 50 years stands in stark contrast to the natural variation that has occurred naturally over the last 2,000 years, temperature data reveals.
These cool surfaces encourage the loss of body heat resulting in a perception of cooling comfort. Localized discomfort due to cold and warm floors wearing normal footwear and stocking feet is addressed in the ISO 7730 and ASHRAE 55 standards and ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbooks and can be corrected or regulated with floor heating and cooling systems.
More than a quarter of the Northeast has been experiencing severe to extreme drought conditions with little to no rain for weeks now, according to the latest US Drought Monitor.
The Year Without a Santa Claus, a Christmas special from Jules Bass and Arthur Rankin, Jr., turns 50 this December. The beloved special was adapted from the book of the same name by Phyllis ...