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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), or abrineurin, [5] is a protein [6] that, in humans, is encoded by the BDNF gene. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] BDNF is a member of the neurotrophin family of growth factors, which are related to the canonical nerve growth factor (NGF), a family which also includes NT-3 and NT-4 /NT-5.
ALTO-100, previously known as NSI-189 (NeuralStem Inc. 189), [3] is a drug described as a hippocampal neurogenesis stimulant and indirect brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) modulator which is under development for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Cerebrolysin (developmental code name FPF-1070) is an experimental mixture of enzymatically-treated peptides derived from pig brain whose constituents can include brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF).
Even when bound to a truncated TrkB, BDNF still shows growth and developmental roles. [7] Without BDNF (homozygous (-/-)), mice do not survive past three weeks. [7] Including development, BDNF has important regulatory roles in the development of the visual cortex, enhancing neurogenesis, and improving learning and memory. [7]
There are 124 potential Alzheimer’s treatments now being tested in clinical trials to target beta-amyloid and tau, reduce inflammation, protect neurons, act on genes that increase Alzheimer’s ...
Different drugs, used against PD also behave as neurotrophin mimetics such as rotigotine, selegiline, rasagiline, memantine and levodopa interacting with TrkB and increasing BDNF expression. [25] Furthermore, of particular note, the groups of F. Longo and S. Massa discovered small molecule neurotrophic mimetics exhibiting specificity for TrkB ...
Generally, these antidepressants increase peripheral BDNF levels by reducing methylation at BDNF promoters that are known to modulate serotonin. [6] As BDNF expression is increased when H3K27me3 is decreased with antidepressant treatment, BDNF increases its effect on serotonin modulation. [31]
Some drugs can increase the clearance of lithium from the body, which can result in decreased lithium levels in the blood. These drugs include theophylline , caffeine , and acetazolamide . Additionally, increasing dietary sodium intake may also reduce lithium levels by prompting the kidneys to excrete more lithium.