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The first known globular cluster, now called M 22, was discovered in 1665 by Abraham Ihle, a German amateur astronomer. [4] [5] [6] The cluster Omega Centauri, easily visible in the southern sky with the naked eye, was known to ancient astronomers like Ptolemy as a star, but was reclassified as a nebula by Edmond Halley in 1677, [7] then finally as a globular cluster in the early 19th century ...
It is at a distance of 28,000 light years away from Earth, and is currently part of the Galactic bulge. [3] NGC was discovered by the German-born British astronomer William Herschel on 24 May 1784. [6] It was initially thought to be an open cluster, but its true nature as a globular cluster was later confirmed. It is a core-collapse cluster. [3]
M5 is, under extremely good conditions, just visible to the naked eye as a faint "star" 0.37 of a degree (22' ()) north-west of star 5 Serpentis.Binoculars and/or small telescopes resolve the object as non-stellar; larger telescopes will show some individual stars, some of which are as bright as apparent magnitude 10.6. [8]
The brightest star in the cluster is a red giant, the variable star V11, also known as V1554 Herculis, [16] with an apparent visual magnitude of 11.95. M13 is 22,200 to 25,000 light-years away from Earth , [ 9 ] and the globular cluster is one of over one hundred that orbit the center of the Milky Way.
Messier 4 or M4 (also known as NGC 6121 or the Spider Globular Cluster) is a globular cluster in the constellation of Scorpius. It was discovered by Philippe Loys de Chéseaux in 1745 and catalogued by Charles Messier in 1764. [9] It was the first globular cluster in which individual stars were resolved. [9]
It contains 274 known variable stars, by far the most found in any globular cluster. These include 133 RR Lyrae variables , of which about a third display the Blazhko effect of long-period modulation.
Messier 28 or M28, also known as NGC 6626, is a globular cluster of stars in the center-west of Sagittarius.It was discovered by French astronomer Charles Messier in 1764. [11] [a] He briefly described it as a "nebula containing no star... round, seen with difficulty in 3 1 ⁄ 2-foot telescope; Diam 2′."
The cluster is rich, compact, and significantly elliptical. It is 12.5 billion years old and one of the older globular clusters associated with the Milky Way galaxy. [7] M2 contains about 150,000 stars, including 21 known variable stars. Its brightest stars are red and yellow giant stars. The overall spectral type is F4. [8]