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Smart polymers, stimuli-responsive polymers or functional polymers are high-performance polymers that change according to the environment they are in. . Such materials can be sensitive to a number of factors, such as temperature, humidity, pH, chemical compounds, the wavelength or intensity of light or an electrical or magnetic field and can respond in various ways, such as altering color or ...
The exchange mechanism of dissociative CANs requires a bond-breaking event prior to the formation of a new bond (i.e. an elimination/addition pathway). [13]Upon application of a stimulus, the equilibrium shifts to the dissociated state, resulting in a temporarily decreased cross-link density in the network.
In the life sciences the term adaptability is used variously. At one end of the spectrum, the ordinary meaning of the word suffices for understanding. At the other end, there is the term as introduced by Conrad, [3] referring to a particular information entropy measure of the biota of an ecosystem, or of any subsystem of the biota, such as a population of a single species, a single individual ...
Dielectric EAPs are materials in which actuation is caused by electrostatic forces between two electrodes which squeeze the polymer. Dielectric elastomers are capable of very high strains and are fundamentally a capacitor that changes its capacitance when a voltage is applied by allowing the polymer to compress in thickness and expand in area due to the electric field.
Active camouflage or adaptive camouflage is camouflage that adapts, often rapidly, to the surroundings of an object such as an animal or military vehicle. In theory, active camouflage could provide perfect concealment from visual detection.
Some materials change color irreversibly. These can be used for e.g. laser marking of materials. [16] Copper(I) iodide is a solid pale tan material transforming at 60–62 °C to orange color. [17] Ammonium metavanadate is a white material, turning to brown at 150 °C and then to black at 170 °C. [17]
A space-filling model of n-octane, the straight chain (normal) hydrocarbon composed of 8 carbons and 18 hydrogens, formulae: CH 3 CH 2 (CH 2) 4 CH 2 CH 3 or C 8 H 18.Note, the representative shown is of a single conformational "pose" of a population of molecules, which, because of low Gibbs energy barriers to rotation about its carbon-carbon bonds (giving the carbon "chain" great flexibility ...