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Within ten years nearly all of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms fell to the invaders: Northumbria in 867, East Anglia in 869, and nearly all of Mercia in 874–77. [72] Kingdoms, centres of learning, archives, and churches all fell before the onslaught from the invading Danes. Only the Kingdom of Wessex was able to survive. [72]
Accordingly, from the 1970s, scholars abandoned efforts to assign Anglo-Saxon settlement to a single year, and relied on archaeological rather than textual evidence to date the process. [116] The Historia Brittonum, written in the 9th century, attempted similar calculations to Bede with different outcomes. It gives two different years, but was ...
Within 200 years of their first arrival, the settlement density has been established as an Anglo-Saxon village every 2–5 kilometres (1.2–3.1 miles), in the areas where evidence has been gathered. [174]
In modern times, the term "Anglo-Saxons" is used by scholars to refer collectively to the Old English speaking groups in Britain. As a compound term, it has the advantage of covering the various English-speaking groups on the one hand, and to avoid possible misunderstandings from using the terms "Saxons" or "Angles" (English), both of which terms could be used either as collectives referring ...
The initial page of the Peterborough Chronicle [1]. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is a collection of annals in Old English, chronicling the history of the Anglo-Saxons.. The original manuscript of the Chronicle was created late in the ninth century, probably in Wessex, during the reign of King Alfred the Great (r. 871–899).
From the Anglo-Saxon side, the consciously Saxon historian Bede also writes about the settlement in his Ecclesiastical History of the English People. He also takes the view that this was an invasion of three tribes - the Angles , the Saxons and the Jutes - at a specific date 449 AD. [ 5 ]
Bede's work was widely read among the literate in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, and his dates were used by the monks who compiled the various Anglo-Saxon Chronicles from the late ninth century onwards. [7] Some sources say that the Saxon warriors were invited to come, to the area now known as England, to help keep out invaders from Scotland and ...
The Anglo-Saxons, a collection of various Germanic peoples, established several kingdoms that became the primary powers in present-day England and parts of southern Scotland. [3] They introduced the Old English language, which largely displaced the previous Brittonic language .