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Scrapie (/ ˈ s k r eɪ p i /) is a fatal, degenerative disease affecting the nervous systems of sheep and goats. [1] It is one of several transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), and as such it is thought to be caused by a prion. [2] [3] Scrapie has been known since at least 1732 and does not appear to be transmissible to humans.
TSEs in non-human mammals include scrapie in sheep, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle – popularly known as "mad cow disease" – and chronic wasting disease (CWD) in deer and elk. The variant form of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in humans is caused by exposure to bovine spongiform encephalopathy prions. [4] [5] [6]
BSE is a transmissible disease that primarily affects the central nervous system; it is a form of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, like Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and kuru in humans, scrapie in sheep, and chronic wasting disease in deer. [18] [29] [30]
Scrapie – a wasting disease of sheep and goats, a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE, like BSE of cattle) and believed to be caused by a prion. Efforts have been made in some countries to breed for sheep genotypes resistant to scrapie. Shearing – cutting off the fleece, normally done in two pieces by skilled shearers.
Aside from CWD, prion diseases among animals include bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), also known as “mad cow disease”; scrapie, the same virus in sheep; transmissible mink ...
They are the hypothesized cause of various TSEs, including scrapie in sheep, chronic wasting disease (CWD) in deer, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle (mad cow disease), and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) in humans. [8] All known prion diseases in mammals affect the structure of the brain or other neural tissues.
Sheep and goats are both small ruminants with cosmopolitan distributions due to their being kept historically and in modern times as grazers both individually and in herds in return for their production of milk, wool, and meat. [1] As such, the diseases of these animals are of great economic importance to humans.
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