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Cinnamic acid is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5-CH=CH-COOH. It is a white crystalline compound that is slightly soluble in water, and freely soluble in many organic solvents. [ 4 ] Classified as an unsaturated carboxylic acid , it occurs naturally in a number of plants.
α-Phenylcinnamic acid is a phenylpropanoid, or, more specifically, a derivative of cinnamic acid. It has the formula C 15 H 12 O 2 and appears as an off-white crystalline solid. [ 2 ]
Finally, the benzoyl CoA is conjugated with glycine under formation of hippuric acid or it is hydrolyzed generating free benzoic acid. This can be excreted via the urine directly or after glucuronidation. Hippuric acid, which is the major metabolite, is also excreted via the urine. [5] [21] [6] The biotransformation of cinnamyl esters.
Ethyl cinnamate is the ester of cinnamic acid and ethanol. It is present in the essential oil of cinnamon. [citation needed] Pure ethyl cinnamate has a "fruity and balsamic odor, reminiscent of cinnamon with an amber note". [1] The p-methoxy derivative is reported to be a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. [2]
Methyl cinnamate is the methyl ester of cinnamic acid and is a white or transparent solid with a strong, aromatic odor. It is found naturally in a variety of plants, including in fruits, like strawberry, and some culinary spices, such as Sichuan pepper and some varieties of basil. [4]
trans-cinnamic acid phenylacrylic acid cinnamylic acid 3-phenylacrylic acid (E)-cinnamic acid benzenepropenoic acid isocinnamic acid: C 6 H 5 CH=CHCOOH: C10. IUPAC name:
These compounds are hydroxy derivatives of cinnamic acid. In the category of phytochemicals that can be found in food, there are: α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid; Caffeic acid – burdock, hawthorn, artichoke, pear, basil, thyme, oregano, apple; Cichoric acid; Cinnamic acid – aloe
The systematic name of this enzyme class is trans-cinnamate,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (2-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include cinnamic acid 2-hydroxylase , cinnamate 2-monooxygenase , cinnamic 2-hydroxylase , cinnamate 2-hydroxylase , and trans-cinnamic acid 2-hydroxylase .