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Section 202(a)(1) of the Clean Air Act requires the Administrator of the EPA to establish standards "applicable to the emission of any air pollutant from…new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines, which in [her] judgment cause, or contribute to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare" (emphasis added). [3]
Rather than create a solely national program, the CAA imposes responsibilities on the U.S. states to create plans to implement the Act's requirements. EPA then reviews, amends, and approves those plans. EPA first promulgated SIP regulations in 1971 and 1972. [46] The 1970 Amendments imposed eight criteria that an implementation plan must meet. [47]
The EPA elected to not modify the Pb NAAQS further, but decided to instead focus on the 1991 U.S. EPA Strategy for Reducing Lead Exposure. The EPA concentrated on regulatory and remedial clean-up efforts to minimize Pb exposure from numerous non-air sources that caused more severe public health risks, and undertook actions to reduce air emissions.
The Clean Air Act of 1963 (CAA) was passed as an extension of the Air Pollution Control Act of 1955, encouraging the federal government via the United States Public Health Service under the then-Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) to encourage research and development towards reducing pollution and working with states to establish their own emission reduction programs.
California had produced air quality standards prior to EPA, with severe air quality problems in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. LA is the country's second-largest city, by population, and relies much more heavily on automobiles and has less favorable meteorological conditions than the largest and third-largest cities (New York and Chicago).
An area with outdoor air exceeding the limit for a given pollutant is considered a non-attainment area for that pollutant. An area may be a non-attainment area for one pollutant and an "attainment area" for others. However, these pollutants are frequently associated with each other and thus a non-attainment area typically fails multiple standards.
Latavion Lewis was arrested after a post office in Bonifay, Florida, received several reports of FedEx packages littering the roadside and wooded area during the busiest delivery season of the year.
As of 2021, the EPA has approved 47 states to administer all or portions of the permit program. [142] EPA regional offices manage the program in the remaining areas of the country. [141] The Water Quality Act of 1987 extended NPDES permit coverage to industrial stormwater dischargers and municipal separate storm sewer systems. [143]