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There are ten recitations following different schools of qira'ates, each one deriving its name from a noted Quran reciter called qāriʾ. [6]These ten qira'ates are issued from the original seven which are confirmed (mutawatir) (Arabic: قِرَاءَاتٌ مُتَوَاتِرَةٌ) by these seven Quran readers who lived in the second and third century of Islam.
The word aḥruf is the plural of paucity of the Arabic word ḥarf, which has multiple meanings. [7] It can refer to the letters that form a word, and the aspects, borders or sides of an object. [7] [8] For this reason, Yasin Dutton suggests the Quran is being described as "linguistically seven-sided".
'reader', plural قُرَّاء qurrāʾ or قَرَأَة qaraʾa) is a person who recites the Quran with the proper rules of recitation . [ 1 ] Although it is encouraged, a qāriʾ does not necessarily have to memorize the Quran , just to recite it according to the rules of tajwid with melodious sound.
There are ten recognised schools of qiraʼat, each one deriving its name from a noted Quran reciter or "reader" (qāriʾ pl. qāriʾūn or qurrāʿ), such as Nafi‘ al-Madani, Ibn Kathir al-Makki, Abu Amr of Basra, Ibn Amir ad-Dimashqi, Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud, Hamzah az-Zaiyyat, and Al-Kisa'i.
Most of these ten recitations are known by the scholars and people who have received them, and their number is due to their spreading in the Islamic world. [5] [6]However, the general population of Muslims dispersed in most countries of the Islamic world, their number estimated in the millions, read Hafs's narration on the authority of Aasim.
The recitations of the Quran, known in Arabic as Qira'at, are conducted under the rules of the Tajwid Science. [9] It is attributed to Imam Warsh who in turn got it from his teacher Nafi‘ al-Madani who was one of the transmitters of the seven recitations. The recitation of Warsh 'an Naafi' is one of two major recitation traditions.
The Warsh recitation or riwāyat Warsh ʿan Nāfiʿ' (Arabic: رواية ورش عن نافع) is a qiraʿah of the Quran in Islam. [ 1 ] It is, alongside the Hafs recitation [ ar ] tradition which represents the recitation tradition of Kufa , one of the two main oral transmissions of the Quran in the Muslim world .
Abū Maʿbad (or Abū Bakr) ʿAbd Allāh ibn Kathīr al-Dārānī al-Makkī, better known as Ibn Kathir al-Makki (665–737 CE [45–120 AH]), [1] was one of the transmitters of the seven canonical Qira'at, or methods of reciting the Qur'an. [2]