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Zaibatsu (財閥, lit. ' asset clique ') is a Japanese term referring to industrial and financial vertically integrated business conglomerates in the Empire of Japan, whose influence and size allowed control over significant parts of the Japanese economy from the Meiji period to World War II. A zaibatsu's general structure included a family ...
Because the Asano zaibatsu had no bank of its own it relied on Shibusawa and Yasuda zaibatsu capital, but it was still "the fifth-largest" zaibatsu in Japan. [2] It had 64 affiliated companies in 1940 [3] and 94 in 1943. [4] It almost monopolized the cement industry in Japan. [5] "Often these companies are controlled through only a minority of ...
Zaibatsu — Japanese conglomerate companies of the Empire of Japan. All zaibatsu were disestablished the end of WW II in 1945. Some were reformed as keiretsu and/or ...
The zaibatsu had been at the heart of economic and industrial activity within the Empire of Japan since Japanese industrialization accelerated during the Meiji era. [3] They held great influence over Japanese national and foreign policies which only increased following the Japanese victories in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905 [3] and ...
Fujita was founded by Densaburo Fujita, who created a zaibatsu (pre-war conglomerate) by producing military goods during the Satsuma Rebellion and rapidly expanded his business to construction, mining, and other businesses. After World War II, the Allied Occupation authorities broke up the zaibatsu conglomerates.
The word originates from the Sino-Japanese term zaibatsu (財閥), where 財 means 'wealth' and 閥 means 'clan'. [9] The Japanese zaibatsu dominated their economy from 1868 until they were dissolved under the American Occupation of Japan in 1945. The rise and proliferation of the Korean chaebol resembles the Japanese zaibatsu at their peak.
During World War II, the Japanese government began forcing consolidation of major financial institutions. In January 1942, Hajime Yasuda, the head of the conglomerate, announced that all Yasuda family members would withdraw from related and subsidiary companies, assuming new leadership positions as board members over all zaibatsu concerns.
As part of the Reverse Course, thousands of conservative and nationalist wartime leaders were de-purged and allowed to reenter politics and government ministries. [1]In the industrial sector, plans for further antitrust actions against the remains of the old zaibatsu were scrapped, and some earlier antitrust policies were partially undone. [1]