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An animation illustrating the exterior/interior compositions of a tablet of Concerta, a PSOP OROS design. In the early 1990s, an ALZA-funded research program began to develop a new dosage form of methylphenidate for the treatment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). [14]
An enteric coating is a polymer barrier applied to oral medication that prevents its dissolution or disintegration in the gastric environment. [1] This helps by either protecting drugs from the acidity of the stomach, the stomach from the detrimental effects of the drug, or to release the drug after the stomach (usually in the upper tract of the intestine). [2]
Cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP), also known as cellacefate and cellulosi acetas phthalas, is a commonly used polymer phthalate in the formulation of pharmaceuticals, such as the enteric coating of tablets or capsules and for controlled release formulations.
Enteric coated tablets are designed to dissolve in the intestine, not the stomach, because the drug present in the tablet causes irritation in the stomach. Administering medication rectally. The rectal route is an effective route of administration for many medications, especially those used at the end of life.
Extended release tablets – Epilim Chrono by Sanofi is a combination of sodium valproate and valproic acid in a 2.3:1 ratio. Enteric-coated tablets – Epilim EC200 by Sanofi is a 200 mg sodium valproate enteric-coated tablet.
Buccal tablets offer many advantages over other solid dosage forms also intended for oral administration (e.g. enteric-coated tablets, chewable tablets, and capsules). Buccal tablets can be considered in patients who experience difficulty in swallowing, since these tablets are absorbed into the blood stream between the gum and cheek.
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Methenamine mandelate is provided as an enteric coated tablet and is taken four times daily, whereas methenamine hippurate is available only in non-coated tablet form and is taken twice daily. [8] [14] [9] [4] Non-coated methenamine tablets can have a chemical taste described as sweet, sour, and/or metallic. [14] [37] [38]
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