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Allah as a lunar deity; Surah of Wilaya and Nurayn – two surahs that are seen as forgeries by both Sunni and Shi'a Muslims.While the source of these texts is not clear, they have been used to accuse Shi'ites of corrupting the Qur'an by adding them to the official text, an accusation that is widely rejected by the Shi'a community.
"One Church", illustration of Article 7 of the Augsburg Confession. This mark derives from the Pauline epistles, which state that the Church is "one". [11] In 1 Cor. 15:9, Paul the Apostle spoke of himself as having persecuted "the church of God", not just the local church in Jerusalem but the same church that he addresses at the beginning of that letter as "the church of God that is in ...
It has been claimed that the author of Acts used the writings of Josephus (specifically Antiquities of the Jews) as a historical source. [13] [14] The majority of scholars reject both this claim and the claim that Josephus borrowed from Acts, [15] [16] [17] arguing instead that Luke and Josephus drew on common traditions and historical sources.
The Catholic Church teaches that Christ founded only "one true Church", and that this one true Church is the Catholic Church with the bishop of Rome (the pope) as its supreme, infallible head and locus of communion. [8] From this follows that it regards itself as "the universal sacrament of salvation for the human race" [9] and the "only true ...
The historical reliability of the Gospels is evaluated by experts who have not reached complete consensus. While all four canonical gospels contain some sayings and events that may meet at least one of the five criteria for historical reliability used in biblical studies, [note 1] the assessment and evaluation of these elements is a matter of ongoing debate.
Specific collections of biblical writings, such as the Hebrew Bible and Christian Bibles, are considered sacred and authoritative by their respective faith groups. [11] The limits of the canon were effectively set by the proto-orthodox churches from the 1st throughout the 4th century; however, the status of the scriptures has been a topic of scholarly discussion in the later churches.
Biblical conspiracy theories posit that much of what is believed about the Bible is a deception created to suppress a secret or ancient truth. Such conspiracy theories may claim that Jesus really had a wife and children, or that a group such as the Priory of Sion has secret information about the true descendants of Jesus; some claim that there was a secret movement to censor books that truly ...
His 1835 work, Life of Jesus, [39] was one of the first and most influential systematic analyses of the life story of Jesus, aiming to base it on unbiased historical research. [ 40 ] [ 41 ] The Religionsgeschichtliche Schule , starting in the 1890s, used the methodologies of higher criticism , [ web 4 ] a branch of criticism that investigates ...