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Breech-loading swivel gun with mug-shaped chamber, and wedge to hold it in place. Although breech-loading is often considered a modern innovation which facilitated the loading of cannons, [3] breech-loading swivel guns were invented in the 14th century, [4] and used worldwide from the 16th century onward by numerous countries, many of them non-European.
They were a particular type of swivel gun, and consisted in a small breech-loading cannon equipped with a swivel for easy rotation, loaded by inserting a mug-shaped chamber already filled with powder and projectiles. The breech-loading swivel gun had a high rate of fire, and was especially effective in anti-personnel roles.
Breech-loading swivel gun with mug-shaped chamber and wedge to hold it in place. Although breech-loading is often considered a modern innovation which facilitated the loading of cannons, [1] breech-loading swivel guns were invented in the 14th century, [2] and used worldwide from the 16th century onward by numerous countries, many of them non-European.
A Pierrier à boîte was an early type of small wrought iron cannon developed in the early 15th century, and a type of breech-loading swivel gun. It was part of the artillery of France in the Middle Ages, and the artillery of the Middle Ages in general. [1] Perrier is the historical term in English for such weapons, literally a stone thrower.
Zhao Shizhen developed breech loading matchlocks in the late 16th century. These used pre-loaded tube shaped chambers that could be loaded into the breech of the gun barrel. Gas leaking limited the effectiveness of these weapons and could even pose a danger to the user due to the close proximity of the matchlock mechanism.
In addition to the arquebus, the culverin also evolved into the heavier breech-loading swivel gun weighing around 40 kg (88 lb), which required a swivel for support and aiming. This weapon was designed to use removable mug-shaped chambers which were prefilled with gunpowder and projectiles to speed up reloading.
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