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2. Probiotic - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probiotic

   As food products or dietary supplements, probiotics are under preliminary research to evaluate if they provide any effect on health. [ 2 ] [ 7 ] [ 82 ] In all cases proposed as health claims to the European Food Safety Authority , the scientific evidence remains insufficient to prove a cause-and-effect relationship between consumption of ...

3. Prebiotic (nutrition) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prebiotic_(nutrition)

   When the prebiotic concept was first introduced in 1995, the primary focus was on the effects that prebiotics confer on Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus. [3] [4] [18] With improved mechanistic techniques in recent years, the current prebiotic targets have expanded to a wider range of microbes, including Roseburia spp., Eubacterium spp., Akkermansia spp., Christensenella spp., Propionibacterium ...

4. Flora (microbiology) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_(microbiology)

   Biologists believe that bacterial flora may play some role in disorders such as multiple sclerosis. Additionally, the study of flora can have industrial benefits such as dietary supplements like probiotics. The living microorganisms in probiotics are believed to have positive effects on health, and have been utilized in studies regarding ...

5. Gut–memory connection - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gut–memory_connection

   By consuming sufficient probiotics such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus through a diet the achievement of this equilibrium is supported. [56] Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus can be taken as supplements but are also contained in different types of foods. To ensure a variety of microbiota strains in the gut a large and diverse diet is ...

6. Synbiotics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synbiotics

   Synbiotics refer to food ingredients or dietary supplements combining probiotics and prebiotics in a form of synergism, hence synbiotics. [1] The synbiotic concept was first introduced as "mixtures of probiotics and prebiotics that beneficially affect the host by improving the survival and implantation of live microbial dietary supplements in the gastrointestinal tract, by selectively ...

7. Microorganism - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganism

   The microorganisms that make up the gut flora in the gastrointestinal tract contribute to gut immunity, synthesize vitamins such as folic acid and biotin, and ferment complex indigestible carbohydrates. [109] Some microorganisms that are seen to be beneficial to health are termed probiotics and are available as dietary supplements, or food ...