Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, [1] [2] is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations Na + and hydroxide anions OH −. Sodium hydroxide is a highly corrosive base and alkali that decomposes lipids and proteins at ambient temperatures and may cause severe ...
Sodium metal forms at the cathode but is less dense than the fused sodium hydroxide electrolyte. Wire gauze (G) confines the sodium metal to accumulating at the top of the collection device (P). [3] The cathode reaction is 2 Na + + 2 e − → 2Na. The anode reaction is 4 OH − → O 2 + 2 H 2 O + 4 e −
A disadvantage of sodium is its chemical reactivity, which requires special precautions to prevent and suppress fires. If sodium comes into contact with water it reacts to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen, and the hydrogen burns in contact with air. This was the case at the Monju Nuclear Power Plant in a 1995 accident. In addition, neutron ...
Sodium soaps have a higher melting temperature (and seem "harder") than potassium soaps. [24] Like all the alkali metals, sodium reacts exothermically with water. The reaction produces caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) and flammable hydrogen gas. When burned in air, it forms primarily sodium peroxide with some sodium oxide. [26]
Sodium chloride: Gas NaCl −181.42 Sodium chlorate: Solid NaClO 3: −365.4 Sodium fluoride: Solid NaF −569.0 Sodium hydroxide: Aqueous NaOH −469.15 Sodium hydroxide: Solid NaOH −425.93 Sodium hypochlorite: Solid NaOCl −347.1 Sodium nitrate: Aqueous NaNO 3: −446.2 Sodium nitrate: Solid NaNO 3: −424.8 Sodium oxide: Solid Na 2 O − ...
Burning sodium in air produces a mixture of Na 2 O and sodium peroxide (Na 2 O 2). A third much less known method involves heating sodium metal with iron(III) oxide (rust): 6 Na + Fe 2 O 3 → 3 Na 2 O + 2 Fe. the reaction should be done in an inert atmosphere to avoid the reaction of sodium with the air instead.
The equilibrium, between the gas as a separate phase and the gas in solution, will by Le Châtelier's principle shift to favour the gas going into solution as the temperature is decreased (decreasing the temperature increases the solubility of a gas). When a saturated solution of a gas is heated, gas comes out of the solution.
Sparging introduces a gas that has little or no partial pressure of the gas(es) to be removed, and increases the area of the gas-liquid interface, which encourages some of the dissolved gas(es) to diffuse into the sparging gas before the sparging gas escapes from the liquid. Many sparging processes, such as solvent removal, use air as the ...