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  2. History of religion in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_religion_in_the...

    The Third Great Awakening was a period of religious activism in American history from the late 1850s to the 20th century. It affected pietistic Protestant denominations and had a strong sense of social activism. It gathered strength from the postmillennial theology that the Second Coming of Christ would come after mankind had reformed the ...

  3. Separation of church and state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state

    The Waldensians were a medieval sect that urged separation of church of state. [14] In the West the issue of the separation of church and state during the medieval period centered on monarchs who ruled in the secular sphere but encroached on the Church's rule of the spiritual sphere.

  4. Estates of the realm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estates_of_the_realm

    During the Middle Ages, advancing to different social classes was uncommon and difficult, and when it did happen, it generally took the form of a gradual increase in status over several generations of a family rather than within a single lifetime. One field in which commoners could appreciably advance within a single lifetime was the Church.

  5. Role of Christianity in civilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Role_of_Christianity_in...

    During the early medieval period, Christians tolerated enslavement of non-Christians. By the end of the Medieval period, enslavement of Christians had been mitigated somewhat with the spread of serfdom within Europe, though outright slavery existed in European colonies in other parts of the world. Several popes issued papal bulls condemning ...

  6. Medievalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medievalism

    The Middle Ages in art: a Pre-Raphaelite painting of a knight and a mythical seductress, the lamia (Lamia by John William Waterhouse, 1905). Medievalism is a system of belief and practice inspired by the Middle Ages of Europe, or by devotion to elements of that period, which have been expressed in areas such as architecture, literature, music, art, philosophy, scholarship, and various vehicles ...

  7. Christianity in the Middle Ages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity_in_the_Middle...

    The Investiture Controversy, or Lay investiture controversy, was the most significant conflict between secular and religious powers in medieval Europe. It began as a dispute in the 11th century between the Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV , and Pope Gregory VII concerning who would appoint bishops ( investiture ).

  8. History of Christianity in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Christianity_in...

    Under the Cope of Heaven: Religion, Society, and Politics in Colonial America Oxford University Press, 1988 online edition Archived 2012-07-21 at the Wayback Machine; Butler, Jon. Awash in a Sea of Faith: Christianizing the American People. 1990. Butler, Jon, et al. Religion in American Life: A Short History (2011) Dolan, Jay P.

  9. Christendom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christendom

    Christendom was originally a medieval concept which has steadily evolved since the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the gradual rise of the Papacy more in religio-temporal implications practically during and after the reign of Charlemagne; and the concept let itself be lulled in the minds of the staunch believers to the archetype of a holy ...