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The glenoid fossa of the scapula or the glenoid cavity is a bone part of the shoulder.The word glenoid is pronounced / ˈ ɡ l iː n ɔɪ d / or / ˈ ɡ l ɛ n ɔɪ d / (both are common) and is from Greek: gléne, "socket", reflecting the shoulder joint's ball-and-socket form. [1]
The rotator cuff muscles of the shoulder produce a high tensile force, and help to pull the head of the humerus into the glenoid cavity. The glenoid cavity is shallow and contains the glenoid labrum which deepens it and aids stability. With 120 degrees of unassisted flexion, the shoulder joint is the most mobile joint in the body.
The glenohumeral joint is the articulation between the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula. It is a ball and socket type of synovial joint with three rotatory and three translatory degrees of freedom. The glenohumeral joint allows for adduction, abduction, medial and lateral rotation, flexion and extension of the arm.
In the temporal bone, the mandibular fossa is bounded anteriorly by the articular tubercle and posteriorly by the tympanic portion of the temporal bone, which separates it from the external acoustic meatus. The fossa is divided into two parts by a narrow slit, the petrotympanic fissure (Glaserian fissure).
The glenoid labrum (glenoid ligament) is a fibrocartilaginous (but not fibrocartilage, as previously thought) structure attached around the rim of the glenoid cavity on the shoulder blade. The shoulder joint is considered a ball-and-socket joint .
A fossa (from the Latin "fossa", ditch or trench) is a depression or hollow, usually in a bone, such as the hypophyseal fossa, the depression in the sphenoid bone. [15] A meatus is a short canal that opens to another part of the body. [16] An example is the external auditory meatus. A fovea (Latin: pit) is a small pit, usually on the head of a ...
The acromion forms the summit of the shoulder, and is a large, somewhat triangular or oblong process, flattened from behind forward, projecting at first lateralward, and then curving forward and upward, so as to overhang the glenoid fossa. [2] It starts from the base of acromion which marks its projecting point emerging from the spine of ...
The glenoid tubercles are two small bony eminences (or tubercles) located above and below the glenoid cavity on the scapula. The glenoid tubercles consist of the supra-and the infraglenoid tubercle. The Latin terms supra and infra meaning above and below respectively refers to the tubercles location in relation to the glenoid cavity. The Latin ...