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The Capitoline Museums (Italian: Musei Capitolini) are a group of art and archaeological museums in Piazza del Campidoglio, on top of the Capitoline Hill in Rome, Italy.The historic seats of the museums are Palazzo dei Conservatori and Palazzo Nuovo, facing on the central trapezoidal piazza in a plan conceived by Michelangelo in 1536 and executed over a period of more than 400 years.
The Palazzo Senatorio and Palazzo dei Conservatori form an 80° angle, on which he aligned the new façades, to expand the perspective towards the visual focus by the Palazzo Senatorio. For this purpose, Michelangelo had the idea of building a new building, Palazzo Nuovo, to close off the perspective towards the basilica of Santa Maria in Ara ...
Piazza del Campidoglio, on the top of Capitoline Hill, with the façades of Palazzo dei Conservatori (left) and Palazzo Nuovo. The existing design of the Piazza del Campidoglio and the surrounding palazzi was created by Renaissance artist and architect Michelangelo Buonarroti in 1536–1546.
Il Palazzo dei Conservatori e il Palazzo Nuovo in Campidoglio: momenti di storia urbana di Roma, edited by M. Tittoni (1996): 19-27. Daniela Sinisi, Carmen Genovese, Pro Ornatu et Publica Utilitate. L'attività della Congregazione cardinalizia super viis, pontibus et fontibus nella Roma di fine '500 , Gangemi Editore S.p.A., 2011.
The statue may have been originally erected at the Lateran Palace, then known as the "Domus Faustae" or "House of Fausta" after Constantine's second wife Fausta.By the 1320s, a head and hand were displayed between the church of St John Lateran and the Lateran Palace, near the equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, which was then also thought to depict Constantine.
In December 1471, Pope Sixtus IV ordered the present sculpture to be transferred to the Palazzo dei Conservatori on the Capitoline Hill, and the twins were added some time around then. The Capitoline Wolf joined a number of other genuinely ancient sculptures transferred at the same time, to form the nucleus of the Capitoline Museum .
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The original statue in the Palazzo dei Conservatori. On the night of 29 November 1849, at the inception of the revolutionary Roman Republic, a mass procession set up the red–white–green tricolore (now the flag of Italy, then a new and highly "subversive" flag) in the hands of the mounted Marcus Aurelius. [8]