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Jacobitism [c] was a political ideology advocating the restoration of the senior line of the House of Stuart to the British throne.When James II of England chose exile after the November 1688 Glorious Revolution, the Parliament of England ruled he had "abandoned" the English throne, which was given to his Protestant daughter Mary II of England, and his nephew, her husband William III. [1]
The Jacobite rising of 1745 [a] was an attempt by Charles Edward Stuart to regain the British throne for his father, James Francis Edward Stuart.It took place during the War of the Austrian Succession, when the bulk of the British Army was fighting in mainland Europe, and proved to be the last in a series of revolts that began in March 1689, with major outbreaks in 1715 and 1719.
They were supported by Jacobites in England, Ireland, and, particularly, in Scotland. [15] [b] The Jacobite succession, as a dynastic alternative for the throne, became a major factor in destabilising British politics between 1689 and 1746. [16]
The average height of Jacobite prisoners awaiting transportation in October 1746 was 5 feet 4.125 inches: [59] 13.6% were 50 years old and upwards, while a further 8% were 16 and 17 year olds; contemporary observers commented on the "great number of boys and old men" in the Jacobite army. [60]
Jacobite consorts, those who were married to Jacobite pretenders since 1688; Jacobite Peerage, peers and baronetcies granted by Jacobite claimants since 1688; Neo-Jacobite Revival, political movement aimed at reviving Jacobite ambitions, 1886-1914
In northern Scotland, the Jacobites were successful. They took Inverness, Gordon Castle, Aberdeen and further south, Dundee, although they were unable to capture Fort William. [7] In Edinburgh Castle, the government stored arms for up to 10,000 men and £100,000 paid to Scotland when she entered the Union with England. Lord Drummond, with 80 ...
O'Sullivan was appointed the Jacobite army's Adjutant-General and Quartermaster-General and was an influential figure in the Jacobite "Council of War". After the rebellion's failure, Scottish Jacobites were quick to blame O'Sullivan for "tactical ineptitude", [ 3 ] a view repeated by 19th century historians and into modern times.
The Jacobite rising of 1689 was a conflict fought primarily in the Scottish Highlands, whose objective was to put James VII back on the throne, following his deposition by the November 1688 Glorious Revolution. Named after "Jacobus", the Latin for James, his supporters were known as 'Jacobites' and the associated political movement as Jacobitism.