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  2. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_photoelectron...

    XPS is based on the photoelectric effect that can identify the elements that exist within a material (elemental composition) or are covering its surface, as well as their chemical state, and the overall electronic structure and density of the electronic states in the material. XPS is a powerful measurement technique because it not only shows ...

  3. Electron spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_spectroscopy

    Electron spectroscopy refers to a group formed by techniques based on the analysis of the energies of emitted electrons such as photoelectrons and Auger electrons.This group includes X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which also known as Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA), Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), and Auger ...

  4. Photoemission spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoemission_spectroscopy

    Extreme-ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (EUPS) lies in between XPS and UPS. It is typically used to assess the valence band structure. [8] Compared to XPS, it gives better energy resolution, and compared to UPS, the ejected electrons are faster, resulting in less space charge and mitigated final state effects. [9] [10] [11]

  5. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy-dispersive_X-ray...

    X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is another close relative of EDS, utilizing ejected electrons in a manner similar to that of AES. Information on the quantity and kinetic energy of ejected electrons is used to determine the binding energy of these now-liberated electrons, which is element-specific and allows chemical characterization of a ...

  6. X-ray fluorescence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_fluorescence

    The phenomenon is widely used for elemental analysis and chemical analysis, particularly in the investigation of metals, ... X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ...

  7. Low-energy ion scattering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-energy_ion_scattering

    Image of a Kratos Axis-165 system equipped with XPS, ISS, and AES, from Alberta Centre for Surface Engineering and Science (ACSES). Low-energy ion scattering spectroscopy (LEIS), sometimes referred to simply as ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS), is a surface-sensitive analytical technique used to characterize the chemical and structural makeup of materials.

  8. XPS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xps

    XPS may refer to: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), also known as electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) Extreme Ultraviolet Photometer System (XPS). an instrument aboard the NASA Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE) space probe

  9. X-ray spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_spectroscopy

    The applications lab was an essential sales tool. When the spectrograph was introduced as a quick and accurate analytical chemistry device, it was met with widespread skepticism. All research facilities had a chemistry department and analytical analysis was done by “wet chemistry” methods.