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In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl radical or substituent group with general chemical formula −C 4 H 9, derived from either of the two isomers (n-butane and isobutane) of butane. The isomer n -butane can connect in two ways, giving rise to two "-butyl" groups:
If the acyl groups are different, then they are named in alphabetical order in the same way, with anhydride replacing acid and IUPAC name consists of three words. For example, CH 3 CO−O−OCCH 3 is called ethanoic anhydride and CH 3 CO−O−OCCH 2 CH 3 is called ethanoic propanoic anhydride.
An ester of carboxylic acid.R stands for any group (organic or inorganic) and R′ stands for organyl group.. In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which the hydrogen atom (H) of at least one acidic hydroxyl group (−OH) of that acid is replaced by an organyl group (−R).
The Geneva Nomenclature of 1892 was created as a result of many other meetings in the past, the first of which was established in 1860 by August Kekulé. Another entity called the International Association of Chemical Societies (IACS) existed, and on 1911, gave vital propositions the new one should address: [ 2 ]
butyl hydride; methylethyl methane 5 3 3 C 5 H 12: n-pentane: amyl hydride; Skellysolve A 6 5 5 C 6 H 14: n-hexane: dipropyl; Gettysolve-B; hexyl hydride; Skellysolve B 7 9 11 C 7 H 16: n-heptane: dipropyl methane; Gettysolve-C; heptyl hydride; Skellysolve C 8 18 24 C 8 H 18: n-octane: dibutyl; octyl hydride 9 35 55 C 9 H 20: n-nonane: nonyl ...
See: E-Z notation Violet leaf aldehyde, systematic name (E,Z)-nona-2,6-dienal, is a compound having one (E)- and one (Z)-configured double bond. The descriptors (E) (from German entgegen, 'opposite') and (Z) (from German zusammen, 'together') are used to provide a distinct description of the substitution pattern for alkenes, cumulenes or other double bond systems such as oximes.
Polymer nomenclature usually applies to idealized representations meaning minor structural irregularities are ignored. A polymer can be named in one of two ways. Source-based nomenclature can be used when the monomer can be identified. Alternatively, more explicit structure-based nomenclature can be used when the polymer structure is proven.
The group numberings with Roman numbers and "A" and "B" suffixes (like VIIA, VIII) should not be used, as they are outdated and ambiguous. For example, in the CAS scheme "group VIIB" denotes manganese group (group 7), while in the old IUPAC scheme it denotes halogen group (group 17). If they are used at all, context should clarify (disambiguate ...