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Trials looking at high doses (> 4 g/day) of plant sterols or stanols are very limited, and none have yet to be completed comparing the same high dose of plant sterol to plant stanol. The debate regarding sterol vs. stanol safety is centered on their differing intestinal absorption and resulting plasma concentrations.
The Portfolio Diet is a therapeutic plant-based diet created by British researcher David J. Jenkins in 2003 to lower blood cholesterol. [1] [2] The diet emphasizes using a portfolio of foods or food components that have been found to associate with cholesterol lowering to enhance this effect.
However, dietary therapy is often insufficient to control this disease since plant sterols are constituents of all plant-based foods. Statins have been used, and while these lower cholesterol levels and may ameliorate atherosclerotic disease, plant sterol levels are insufficiently lowered by their use alone. [citation needed]
For example, Hensrud advised against using niacin, which lowers cholesterol but has side effects, among them flushing. It also can raise liver enzymes when taken in large doses, Hensrud said ...
Brassicasterol (24-methyl cholest-5,22-dien-3β-ol) is a 28-carbon sterol synthesised by several unicellular algae (phytoplankton) and some terrestrial plants, like rape.This compound has frequently been used as a biomarker for the presence of (marine) algal matter in the environment, and is one of the ingredients in stigmasterol-rich plant sterols (Number E499 in the European numbering system).
Plant sterols were first shown in the 1950s to lower LDLs and cholesterol. [7] Since then, numerous studies have reported the lipid-lowering effects of dietary phytosterols, including campesterol. [8] In basic research, campesterol competes with cholesterol, thus reducing the absorption of cholesterol in the human intestine. [9]
β-Sitosterol is widely distributed in the plant kingdom.It is found in vegetable oil, nuts, avocados, and derived prepared foods such as salad dressings. [2] Olavius algarvensis, a species of marine annelid, predominantly incorporate β-sitosterol into their cell membranes instead of cholesterol, though cholesterol is also present in said membranes.
Stigmasterol is a food additive in manufactured food products in the United Kingdom and European Union. [7]It was introduced as a precursor by Percy Lavon Julian for industrial large-scale manufacture of semisynthetic progesterone, [8] [9] [10] a valuable human hormone that plays an important physiological role in the regulatory and tissue rebuilding mechanisms related to estrogen effects, as ...
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