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A dark roux in development A white roux A roux-based sauce. Roux (/ r uː /) is a mixture of flour and fat cooked together and used to thicken sauces. [1] Roux is typically made from equal parts of flour and fat by weight. [2] The flour is added to the melted fat or oil on the stove top, blended until smooth, and cooked to the desired level of ...
In cooking, reduction is the process of thickening and intensifying the flavor of a liquid mixture, such as a soup, sauce, wine or juice, by simmering or boiling. [1] Reduction is performed by simmering or boiling a liquid, such as a stock, fruit or vegetable juice, wine, vinegar or sauce, until the desired concentration is reached by ...
In 1833, Marie-Antoine Carême described four grandes sauces (great sauces). [3] In 1844, the French magazine Revue de Paris reported: . Don’t you know that the grand sauce Espagnole is a mother sauce, of which all the other preparations, such as reductions, stocks, jus, veloutés, essences, and coulis, are, strictly speaking, only derivatives?
The first recipe of a sauce similar to béchamel is in the book Le cuisinier françois by François Pierre de La Varenne in 1651, made with a roux, as in modern recipes. [3] The name of the sauce was given in honour of Louis de Béchameil, a financier who held the honorary post of chief steward to King Louis XIV of France in the 17th century.
Other ingredients commonly used to thicken soups and broths include rice, lentils, flour, and grains; many popular soups also include pumpkin, carrots, potatoes, pig's trotters and bird's nests. [ 2 ]
Writing in The New York Times in 1971, Claiborne praised a restaurant version of chicken Florentine, describing the chicken as "batter‐cooked and served with mushrooms in a lemon sauce". [13] Contemporary cookbook authors are attempting to "restore" the dish to "its elegant roots", [ 14 ] with "clearer, brighter flavors".
The sauce is said to take its name from Charles de Rohan, Prince de Soubise. [4] [5] Auguste Escoffier's recipe adds a thickened béchamel to butter-stewed onions.For a variant with rice and bacon fat, Escoffier cooks a high-starch rice (such as Carolina rice) with fatty bacon, onions and white consommé, then purées the onions and rice before finishing with the usual butter and cream.
The drippings are cooked on the stovetop at high heat with onions or other vegetables, and then thickened with a thin mixture of water and either wheat flour or cornstarch. Cream gravy, or white gravy (sawmill gravy) is a bechamel sauce made using fats from meat—such as sausage or bacon—or meat drippings from roasting or frying meats. The ...