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In law, the usual rule is that the defendant's motive for breaking the law is irrelevant although, in the criminal law, this may reduce the sentence. The basis of the defense argues that the threats made by the other person make the defendant's entire behavior involuntary and therefore the liability should be reduced or removed.
In law, ignorantia juris non excusat (Latin for "ignorance of the law excuses not"), [1] or ignorantia legis neminem excusat ("ignorance of law excuses no one"), [2] is a legal principle holding that a person who is unaware of a law may not escape liability for violating that law merely by being unaware of its content.
Justification and excuse are different defenses in a United States criminal case. [ 1 ] : 513 Both defenses admit that the defendant committed an act proscribed by law. [ 1 ] : 513 The proscribed act has justification if the act had positive effects that outweigh its negative effects, or is not wrong or blameworthy.
In an affirmative defense, the defendant may concede that they committed the alleged acts, but they prove other facts which, under the law, either justify or excuse their otherwise wrongful actions, or otherwise overcomes the plaintiff's claim. In criminal law, an affirmative defense is sometimes called a justification or excuse defense. [4]
Where it exists, a school truancy officer is often concurrently a constable or sheriff. Children are required by law to remain in school until the age of 16, although some states [citation needed] require schooling through age 18 unless an absence is formally excused by a school official or if the child has been expelled.
A fact pattern or fact situation is a summary of the key facts of a particular legal case, presented without any associated discussion of their legal consequences. [1]For example, at common law, "Murder is the killing of another human being with malice aforethought and without justification or excuse."
In contrast, an excuse is a defense that recognizes a crime was committed, but that for the defendant, although committing a socially undesirable crime, conviction and punishment would be morally inappropriate because of an extenuating personal inadequacy, such as mental defect, lack of mental capacity, sufficient age, intense fear of death ...
In law, the principle of imputation or attribution underpins the concept that ignorantia juris non excusat —ignorance of the law does not excuse. All laws are published and available for study in all developed states. The said imputation might also be termed "fair notice".