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  2. Urdhva lokas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdhva_lokas

    Bhuloka or Earth where humans live. The sphere of the Earth or Bhuloka (‘Bhu’ means ‘Earth’ and ‘loka’ means the surface of the Earth), comprehending its oceans, mountains, and rivers, extends as far as it is illuminated by the rays of the Sun and Moon; and to the same extent, both in diameter and circumference, the sphere of the sky (Bhuvaloka) spreads above it (as far upwards as ...

  3. Surya Siddhanta - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surya_Siddhanta

    The time Amurta is a time that begins with an infinitesimal portion of time and Murta is a time that begins with 4-second time pulses called Prana as described in the table below. The further description of Amurta time is found in Puranas where as Surya Siddhanta sticks with measurable time.

  4. List of nearest stars - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_nearest_stars

    This number is likely much higher, due to the sheer number of stars needed to be surveyed; a star approaching the Solar System 10 million years ago, moving at a typical Sun-relative 20–200 kilometers per second, would be 600–6,000 light-years from the Sun at present day, with millions of stars closer to the Sun.

  5. List of the most distant astronomical objects - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_the_most_distant...

    Estimated an approximate distance of 13 billion lightyears from Earth Star or protostar or post-stellar corpse (detected as a star) WHL0137-LS (Earendel) z = 6.2 ± 0.1 (12.9 G ly) Most distant individual star detected (March, 2022). [83] [84] Previous records include SDSS J1229+1122 [85] and MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1. [86] Star cluster: The ...

  6. Alpha Centauri - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_Centauri

    Their elliptical orbit is eccentric, so that the distance between A and B varies from 35.6 astronomical units (AU), or about the distance between Pluto and the Sun, to 11.2 AU, or about the distance between Saturn and the Sun. One astronomical unit is the distance from Earth to the Sun, 150 million kilometers.

  7. Astronomical unit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_unit

    Average distance from Earth (which the Apollo missions took about 3 days to travel) — Solar radius: 0.005 — Radius of the Sun (695 500 km, 432 450 mi, a hundred times the radius of Earth or ten times the average radius of Jupiter) — Light-minute: 0.12 — Distance light travels in one minute — Mercury: 0.39 — Average distance from the ...

  8. Earth's circumference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth's_circumference

    Posidonius calculated the Earth's circumference by reference to the position of the star Canopus.As explained by Cleomedes, Posidonius observed Canopus on but never above the horizon at Rhodes, while at Alexandria he saw it ascend as far as 7 + 1 ⁄ 2 degrees above the horizon (the meridian arc between the latitude of the two locales is actually 5 degrees 14 minutes).

  9. Cosmic distance ladder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_distance_ladder

    Radar is used to measure the distance between the orbits of the Earth and of a second body. From that measurement and the ratio of the two orbit sizes, the size of Earth's orbit is calculated. The Earth's orbit is known with an absolute precision of a few meters and a relative precision of a few parts in 100 billion (1 × 10 −11).