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A tantō (短刀, ' short blade ') [1] is a traditionally made Japanese knife [2] (nihontō) [3] [4] that were worn by the samurai class of feudal Japan. The tantō dates to the Heian period, when it was mainly used as a weapon but evolved in design over the years to become more ornate.
The cutting edge is sharpened with a double bevelled, (from both sides), called ryōba in Japanese. This makes it easier to cut straight slices. A nakiri blade is generally between 15 and 20 centimetres (6 and 8 inches) long. Usuba bōchō are vegetable knives used by professionals. They differ from the nakiri bōchō in
Other types of Japanese swords include: tsurugi or ken, which is a straight double-edged sword; [19] ōdachi, tachi, which are older styles of a very long curved single-edged sword; uchigatana, a slightly shorter curved single-edged long sword; wakizashi, a medium-sized sword; and tantō, which is an even smaller knife-sized sword.
Japanese straight swords, 6–7th century, Kofun period, Met Museum. The chokutō (直刀, 'straight sword') is a straight, single-edged Japanese sword that was mainly produced prior to the 9th century. Its basic style is likely derived from similar swords of ancient China.
The edge of the blade is coated with a thinner layer than the sides and spine of the sword, heated, and then quenched in water (few sword makers use oil to quench the blade). The slurry causes only the blade's edge to be hardened and also causes the blade to curve due to the difference in densities of the micro-structures in the steel. [29]
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Edo-style knives are typically shorter with a square tip used for horizontal cuts, rendering a more robust working knife. The standard Japanese knife set, essential to Washoku (和食 Japanese cuisine), includes the yanagi-ba, deba bōchō, and usuba bōchō. Single-bevelled knives include: Shobu-bōchō — 刺身 — three main sashimi knifes:
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