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The 219 area code covers the northwest part of the state, including the cities of Gary, Hammond, Merrillville, Valparaiso and Michigan City. The 574 area code covers north-central Indiana, and includes the cities of South Bend, North Judson and Warsaw. The 260 area code covers the northeast section of Indiana, including Fort Wayne and Angola.
The new area code, which spells out IND on a standard telephone keypad, made 317 the second Indiana area code to be overlaid after area code 812 was overlaid with 930 in March 2015. [3] Area code 463 entered service on March 15, 2016. On that date, a permissive dialing period began during which both seven- and ten-digit calls would be able to ...
Area codes are also assigned for non-geographic purposes. The rules for numbering NPAs do not permit the digits 0 and 1 in the leading position. [1] Area codes with two identical trailing digits are easily recognizable codes (ERC). NPAs with 9 in the second position are reserved for future format expansion.
Niacin deficiency is a consequence of a diet low in both niacin and the amino acid tryptophan, a precursor for the vitamin. Low plasma tryptophan is a non-specific indicator, meaning it can have other causes. The signs and symptoms of niacin deficiency start to revert within days of oral supplementation with large amounts of the vitamin. [23] [24]
Niacin is a common vitamin found in many foods, including meat, fish, nuts, grains and cereals, according to the National Institutes of Health. Eating these foods allows most Americans to consume ...
Nixtamalization corrects the niacin deficiency, and is a common practice in Native American cultures that grow corn, but most especially in Mexico and the countries of Central America. Following the corn cycle, the symptoms usually appear during spring, increase in the summer due to greater sun exposure, and return the following spring.
Hartnup disease (also known as "pellagra-like dermatosis" [1] and "Hartnup disorder" [2]) is an autosomal recessive [3] metabolic disorder affecting the absorption of nonpolar amino acids (particularly tryptophan that can be, in turn, converted into serotonin, melatonin, and niacin).
A man with pellagra, which is caused by a chronic lack of vitamin B 3 in the diet. Severe deficiency of niacin in the diet causes the disease pellagra, characterized by diarrhea, sun-sensitive dermatitis involving hyperpigmentation and thickening of the skin (see image), inflammation of the mouth and tongue, delirium, dementia, and if left untreated, death. [7]