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Gastroenteritis is usually caused by viruses; [4] however, gut bacteria, parasites, and fungi can also cause gastroenteritis. [2] [4] In children, rotavirus is the most common cause of severe disease. [10] In adults, norovirus and Campylobacter are common causes.
Depending on the cause of the inflammation, symptoms may last from one day to more than a week. Gastroenteritis caused by viruses may last one to two days. Most people recover easily from a short episode of vomiting and diarrhea by drinking clear fluids to replace the fluid that was lost and then gradually progressing to a normal diet.
There are many causes of infectious diarrhea, which include viruses, bacteria and parasites. [29] Infectious diarrhea is frequently referred to as gastroenteritis. [30] Norovirus is the most common cause of viral diarrhea in adults, [31] but rotavirus is the most common cause in children under five years old. [32]
Gastroenteritis, often called the “stomach flu,” is an infection in your stomach and intestines. It causes symptoms like diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and cramps, notes Dr. Boxer.
Norovirus is a common cause of epidemics of gastroenteritis on cruise ships. The CDC, through its Vessel Sanitation Program, records and investigates outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness – mostly caused by norovirus – on cruise ships with both a US and foreign itinerary; [ 78 ] there were 12 in 2015, and 10 from 1 January to 9 May 2016.
Common causes of pain in the abdomen include gastroenteritis and irritable bowel syndrome. [2] About 15% of people have a more serious underlying condition such as appendicitis, leaking or ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, diverticulitis, or ectopic pregnancy. [2] In a third of cases, the exact cause is unclear. [2]
Causes of constipation may include faecal impaction and bowel obstruction, which may in turn be caused by ileus, intussusception, volvulus. Inflammatory bowel disease is a condition of unknown aetiology, classified as either Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis , that can affect the intestines and other parts of the gastrointestinal tract.
Rotaviruses are the most common cause of diarrhoeal disease among infants and young children. [1] Nearly every child in the world is infected with a rotavirus at least once by the age of five. [2] Immunity develops with each infection, so subsequent infections are less severe. Adults are rarely affected. [3]