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Otherwise temperature is equilibrium of vapor over liquid. log 10 of anydrous ammonia vapor pressure. Uses formula shown below. Vapor-pressure formula for ammonia: [4]
At the industrially used reaction temperature of 450 to 550 °C an optimum between the decomposition of ammonia into the starting materials and the effectiveness of the catalyst is achieved. [57] The formed ammonia is continuously removed from the system. The volume fraction of ammonia in the gas mixture is about 20%.
Ammonia is commonly used in the illegal manufacture of methamphetamine through a Birch reduction. [123] The Birch method of making methamphetamine is dangerous because the alkali metal and liquid ammonia are both extremely reactive, and the temperature of liquid ammonia makes it susceptible to explosive boiling when reactants are added. [124]
Ammonia production takes place worldwide, mostly in large-scale manufacturing plants that produce 240 million metric tonnes of ammonia (2023) annually. [1] Based on ...
The Ostwald process begins with burning ammonia.Ammonia burns in oxygen at temperature about 900 °C (1,650 °F) and pressure up to 8 standard atmospheres (810 kPa) [4] in the presence of a catalyst such as platinum gauze, alloyed with 10% rhodium to increase its strength and nitric oxide yield, platinum metal on fused silica wool, copper or nickel to form nitric oxide (nitrogen(II) oxide) and ...
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Ammonia solutions decrease in density as the concentration of dissolved ammonia increases. At 15.6 °C (60.1 °F), the density of a saturated solution is 0.88 g/ml; it contains 35.6% ammonia by mass, 308 grams of ammonia per litre of solution, and has a molarity of approximately 18 mol/L.
In 1990, the company had released "Moonwalker," a game based on a Jackson movie. In it, players danced their way across a beat-'em-up game world, fighting bad guys and saving children. Then, in 1991, Sega debuted "Sonic the Hedgehog," which would become its marquee franchise. Sonic 2 came out the following year. Jackson was smitten.